Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/jukkjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown;^[1] possibly related to Proto-Germanic *jukkōną (“to hop; to run”) (whence dialectal German jucken),^[2] or perhaps to Proto-Germanic *jeukāną (whence Gothic 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (jiukan, “to fight, overcome”), Middle Low German jouchen (“to chase, drive”)), suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *yewǵH- (“to become restless”).^[3]

Verb

*jukkjan^[4]

to itch

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*jukkjan
1st sg. past	*jukidā
Infinitive	*jukkjan
Genitive infin.	*jukkjannjas
Dative infin.	*jukkjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*jukkjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*jukkju	*jukidā
2nd singular	*jukisi	jukidēs, jukidōs
3rd singular	*jukiþi	jukidē, jukidā
1st plural	*jukkjum	*jukidum
2nd plural	*jukiþ	*jukidud
3rd plural	*jukkjanþ	*jukidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*jukkjē	*jukidī
2nd singular	*jukkjēs	*jukidī
3rd singular	*jukkjē	*jukidī
1st plural	*jukkjēm	*jukidīm
2nd plural	*jukkjēþ	*jukidīd
3rd plural	*jukkjēn	*jukidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*juki
Plural	*jukiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*jukkjandī	*jukid

Descendants

Old English: ġyċċan, ġiċċan
- Middle English: icchen, ycchen, ȝicchen, ȝitchen, ȝyken, ycken, ȝeken
  - English: itch, yuck, yuik (dialectal)
  - Scots: yeuk
Old Frisian: *jukkia, *jukja
- Saterland Frisian: juukje
- West Frisian: jûkje
Old Saxon: jukkian
- Middle Low German: jücken, jöken
  - Low German: jöken, jocken
  - Plautdietsch: jäakjen
Old Dutch: *jukken, *juken
- Middle Dutch: jōken, juecken, jucken, jocken
  - Dutch: jeuken
    - Afrikaans: jeuk
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: juku
    - Negerhollands: joek
Old High German: jucchen, jukken, jucken
- Middle High German: jucken, jücken
  - German: jucken (jücken)
    - → Esperanto: juki
    - → Swedish: jucka

References

^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “jucken”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 342b
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*jukkōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*jukkjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207
^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 225: “PWGmc *jukʲkʲan”

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “jucken”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 342b

[2] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*jukkōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274

[3] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*jukkjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207

[4] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 225: “PWGmc *jukʲkʲan”

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