Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/parruk

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; possibly from *parrō, variant of *sparrō (“bar, beam”)^[1] (whence *sparrijan (“to bar, block”)), +‎ *-uk. Compare also Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”). Alternatively borrowed from Medieval Latin parricus (“fence, enclosure”),^[2] instead of the other way around.

Noun

*parruk m

enclosure
pen (for animals)

Declension

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*parruk
Genitive	*parrukas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*parruk	parrukō, parrukōs
Accusative	*parruk	*parrukā
Genitive	*parrukas	*parrukō
Dative	*parrukē	*parrukum
Instrumental	*parruku	*parrukum

Alternative reconstructions

*parrik

Descendants

Old English: pearroc, pearruc
- Middle English: parrok, parrock
  - Scots: parrock, paddock
  - English: parrock, paddock
Old Saxon: *parrak, *perrik
- Middle Low German: park, perk
  - German Low German: Park
- → Old Norse: *parrak (alternatively from Old English^[3])
  - Icelandic: *parrak
    - ⇒ Icelandic: parraka
  - ⇒ Faroese: parrak (adj)
Old Dutch: *parrik, parc, (in placenames) park, perk
- Middle Dutch: parric, perric, paerc, perc, parc (influenced by Old French parc)
  - Dutch: park
    - Afrikaans: park
    - → German: Park (partially)
      - → Lower Sorbian: park
    - → West Frisian: park
  - Dutch: perk
    - Afrikaans: perk
Old High German: pfarrih, pferrih
- Middle High German: pferrich, pherrich
  - Alemannic German: Färrich
  - German: Pferch
→? Medieval Latin: parricus (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “park”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎ (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Pferch”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 539-540
^ Hellquist, Elof (1922) “Parak”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎ (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 483: “laan fra ags. pearroc”

[1] Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “park”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎ (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[2] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Pferch”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 539-540

[3] Hellquist, Elof (1922) “Parak”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎ (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 483: “laan fra ags. pearroc”

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