Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skeutan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skeutaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd-.

Verb

*skeutan^[1]

to shoot

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive	*skeutan
1st sg. past	*skaut
3rd pl. past	*skutun
Past ptcple	*skotan
Infinitive	*skeutan
Genitive infin.	*skeutannjas
Dative infin.	*skeutannjē
Instrum. infin.	*skeutannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*skeutu	*skaut
2nd singular	*skiutiʀi	*skutī
3rd singular	*skiutidi	*skaut
1st plural	*skeutum	*skutum
2nd plural	*skiutid	*skutud
3rd plural	*skeutand	*skutun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*skeutē	*skutī
2nd singular	*skeutēs	*skutī
3rd singular	*skeutē	*skutī
1st plural	*skeutēm	*skutīm
2nd plural	*skeutēþ	*skutīd
3rd plural	*skeutēn	*skutīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*skiut
Plural	*skiutid
	Present	Past
Participle	*skeutandī	*skotan

Related terms

*skot
*skuti

Descendants

Old English: sċēotan
- Middle English: shoten, shuten, sheten
  - English: shoot, skeet
  - Scots: schute, schuit, schote, schoot, schete
  - Yola: zhoult
Old Frisian: skiata
- West Frisian: sjitte
Old Saxon: skiotan
- Middle Low German: scheten
  - Low German: scheten
Old Dutch: skietan
- Middle Dutch: schieten
  - Dutch: schieten
    - Afrikaans: skiet
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: skiti
    - Jersey Dutch: sxjite
    - Negerhollands: skud, skit, skiet
    - → Indonesian: sekip
    - → Papiamentu: skit
  - Limburgish: sjete
Old High German: skiozan, sciozan, sciozzan
- Middle High German: schiezen
  - Alemannic German: schieße
  - Bavarian: schiaßn
  - Central Franconian: schieße, scheeße (Ripuarian, northern Moselle Franconian)
  - German: schießen
  - Hunsrik: schiese
  - Luxembourgish: schéissen
  - Vilamovian: śisa
  - Yiddish: שיסן (shisn)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 206: “PWGmc *skeutan, *skiutidi, *skaut”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 206: “PWGmc *skeutan, *skiutidi, *skaut”

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