Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stōl

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Germanic *stōlaz, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los (“frame, rack, stand”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”).

*stōl m

1. stool, chair
2. throne

• Old English: stōl
  • Middle English: stool
    • English: stool
    • Scots: stuil, stul, stule
• Old Frisian: stōl
  • North Frisian: stuul, stölj, Stuul
  • Saterland Frisian: Stoul
  • West Frisian: stoel
• Old Saxon: stōl
  • Middle Low German: stôl
    • German Low German: Stohl (also Münsterländisch), Stauhl (Paderbornisch), Staul (Sauerländisch)
      • → Lower Sorbian: stoł
    • Plautdietsch: Stool
    • → Estonian: tool
    • → Votic: stooli
• Old Dutch: stuol
  • Middle Dutch: stoel
    • Dutch: stoel
      • Afrikaans: stoel
        • → Southern Ndebele: ísítúlo
          • → Shona: chitúru, chitúro
        • → Sotho: setulo
        • → Swazi: sítúlo
        • → Tsonga: xitulu
        • → Xhosa: ísítúlo
        • → Zulu: ísítúlo
      • Jersey Dutch: stûl
      • Negerhollands: stoel, stul, stuel
      • Skepi Creole Dutch: stool
      • → Aukan: sutuu
      • → Fanagalo: stul (possibly via Zulu or from English)
      • → Papiamentu: stul, stoeltsje, stoeltji
      • → Sranan Tongo: sturu
    • Limburgish: stool
• Old High German: stuol
  • Middle High German: stuol
    • German: Stuhl
    • Hunsrik: Stuhl
    • Luxembourgish: Stull
    • Vilamovian: śtül
    • Yiddish: שטול (shtul)