I've never heard of this as a verb (and I have worked in this area).
Even if it is a seldom-used verb, I would imagine that the meaning would stem not from "to separate using a centrifuge", but rather "to produce a centrifugate". Of course, this makes no sense if a "centrifugate" is the material fed to the centrifuge — so see my other comment. In that case, the practical effect of the two preceding phrases would be just about the same.
—DIV (49.179.13.5 11:43, 6 August 2022 (UTC))
Per my other comment (on the English verb), I would reckon on a "centrifugate" being one of the separated phases obtained from a centrifuge. To wit, given that a centrate is the low-density phase (or liquor/supernatant) — and given also my hypothesis on the logical interpretation of "centrifugate" as a (rare) verb — the centrifugate could helpfully correspond to the heavier phase (or bed/cake). That is precisely the definition given by Merriam-Webster.
—DIV (49.179.13.5 11:47, 6 August 2022 (UTC))