Template:bg-adecl

The following documentation is located at Template:bg-adecl/documentation.

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This template should be used to decline all Bulgarian adjectives.

Generally, a single argument is supplied to the template, consisting of an adjective (multisyllabic adjectives are required to have an acute accent indicating the stress) followed by a declension spec in angle brackets. In the most basic case, nothing needs to be supplied between the angle brackets. For example, for the adjective зеле́н (zelén, “green, unripe, fresh”):

{{bg-adecl|зеле́н<>}}

produces

Indicators can be specified inside of angle brackets to modify the default declension behavior. For example, the ! indicator specifies that the adjective lacks comparative and superlative forms, e.g. for ру́ски (rúski, “Russian”):

{{bg-adecl|ру́ски<!>}}

produces

Note also here that the module automatically knows how to handle adjectives whose lemma ends in -и.

Another indicator is *, which specifies that the adjective is "reducible" (i.e. an е, ъ or я in the last syllable drops out in all forms that take an ending). For example, for the adjective че́рен (čéren, “black”), all forms but the lemma use the stem черн-:

{{bg-adecl|че́рен<*>}}

produces

The module automatically knows how to handle reducible adjectives with a vowel directly preceding the reducible vowel, e.g. бо́як (bójak, “feisty, energetic”) (stem бойк-) and во́ен (vóen, “military”) (stem войн-):

{{bg-adecl|бо́як<*>}}

produces

{{bg-adecl|во́ен<*!>}}

produces

The last example shows that when multiple indicators need to be specified, they are simply concatenated.

Many adjectives alternate between -я- and -е- in different forms. There are two variants, exemplified by бял (bjal, “white”) (feminine бя́ла, plural бе́ли) and те́сен (tésen, “narrow”) (feminine тя́сна, plural те́сни). Both are specified using the (я) indicator:

{{bg-adecl|бял<(я)>}}

produces

{{bg-adecl|те́сен<*(я)>}}

produces

In the latter example, the adjective is reducible (the final -е- in the lemma form drops out in other forms), which is indicated by *.

A few adjectives alternate between -ръ- and -ьр- in different forms. There are again two variants, exemplified by дъ́рзък (dǎ́rzǎk, “bold”) (feminine дръ́зка, plural дръ́зки) and пръв (prǎv, “first”) (feminine пъ́рва, plural пъ́рви). Both are specified using the (ър) indicator:

{{bg-adecl|дъ́рзък<*(ър)>}}

produces

{{bg-adecl|пръв<!(ър)>}}

produces

Note that in the first example, дъ́рзък (dǎ́rzǎk, “bold”) is reducible (the final -ъ- in the lemma form drops out in other forms), which is indicated by *. Meanwhile, in the second example, пръв (prǎv, “first”) has no comparative or superlative, which is indicated by !.

A few adjectives, such as добъ́р (dobǎ́r, “good”), зъл (zǎl, “evil”), делови́ (deloví, “active”) and свет (svet, “holy”) have the stress on the endings (e.g. definite subjective masculine sinuglar добри́ят, зли́ят, делови́ят, свети́ят. In the first three cases, the module can automatically figure this out, based on the following:

1. If the adjective ends in stressed -и́, it is assumed to be ending-stressed.
2. If the adjective is reducible and the reducible vowel is stressed, it is assumed to be ending-stressed.

For adjectives like свет (svet), there is no way for the module to know that the endings are stressed. To indicate this, use the indicator b (compare the noun accent patterns in {{bg-ndecl}}):

{{bg-adecl|свет<b>}}

produces

You should know that the indicator a, if given, indicates stem stress, but is rarely if ever required as stem stress is the default except in the two situations specified just above.

Some adjectives have "soft endings" (e.g. feminine in -я instead of -а). There are two variants, both of which are indicated using (ь):

1. Possessive adjectives in -и, typically referring to animals, with lemma in -и and neuter singular in -е, e.g. ко́зи (kózi, “goat (relational); goat's”).
2. Adjectives whose lemma ends in a consonant, with neuter singular in -ьо, e.g. син (sin, “dark blue”).

Examples:

{{bg-adecl|ко́зи<!(ь)>}}

produces

{{bg-adecl|син<(ь)>}}

produces

Some adjectives whose stem ends in a consonant such as ч or ш have their feminine singular in -а as normal, but the neuter singular in either -е or -о. These are indicated using (ч), e.g. о́вчи (óvči, “sheep (relational); sheep's”) and низш (nizš, “low, lower”):

{{bg-adecl|о́вчи<!(ч)>}}

produces

{{bg-adecl|низш<(ч)>}}

produces

You can specify more than one collection of indicators, comma-separated. For example, бето́нен (betónen, “concrete (relational)”) has stem either бето́нен- (non-reduced) or бето́нн- (reduced). You can indicate this as follows:

{{bg-adecl|бето́нен<!,!*>}}

which produces

Here we specify to decline both as ! (no comparative) and !* (no comparative, reducible). Note that the no-comparative indicator ! must be specified in both indicator collections.

Another such adjective is безве́рен (bezvéren, “unbelieving; treacherous”), which has feminine either безвя́рна or безве́рна (i.e. either with or without alternation between -я- and -е-. You can indicate this as follows:

{{bg-adecl|безве́рен<*(я),*>}}

which produces

Here we specify to decline both as *(я) (reducible, я/е alternation) and * (reducible but without я/е alternation).

You can specify alternative lemma forms, which is especially useful for words with multiple possible stress patterns. For example, не́добър (nédobǎr, “bad, poor”) (feminine не́добра) can also be stressed as недобъ́р (nedobǎ́r) (feminine недобра́). You can indicate this as follows:

{{bg-adecl|((не́добър<*>,недобъ́р<*>))}}

which produces

Here we have to repeat the reducible indicator * in both places, but the fact that не́добър (nédobǎr) has stresss pattern a while недобъ́р (nedobǎ́r) has stress pattern b (see above) is automatically detected.

It is possible to override individual forms in unusual cases. To do this, add the syntax /SLOT:FORM,FORM,... after any indicators, inside of<...>, where SLOT is the particular form to override (e.g. def_f_sg for the definite feminine singular) and FORM are the individual values that the form should take. For examples, see below and under pronoun/number support. The allowable slots are:

You can also use a similar syntax to specify boolean properties, i.e. yes-no properties that don't need to take a specific value:

When specifying dva, koj or chij, manual overrides must be given for all the non-lemma slots. See below for examples.

Note that some of the above slots can be used to override the lemma form, specifically:

• ind_m_sg for normal adjectives
• ind_m_pl for dva-type adjectives
• nom_m_sg for koj-type adjectives
• m_sg for chij-type adjectives

This can be useful when the lemma form is irregular compared with the remaining forms.

An example of using the above properties is не́ин (néin, “her(s), its”), where all but the lemma forms use a stem нейн-:

{{bg-adecl|нейн<!/short:ѝ/ind_m_sg:не́ин>}}

produces

Here we do the following:

1. Specify that there are no comparative or superlative forms, using !.
2. Use an override to specify a short form ѝ (ì). Short forms don't exist by default, but specifying one will cause it to display in the table.
3. Specify the lemma as нейн (the stem used for all but the actual lemma form), and override the lemma form (indefinite masculine singular) with the actual value не́ин (néin). This ensures that all non-lemma forms are correctly declined using the stem нейн- (indefinite feminine singular не́йна, definite subjective masculine singular не́йният, etc.).

There is special support for declension tables for numbers that vary depending on gender (e.g. еди́н (edín), два (dva) and compounds) and pronouns of two types: those with special accusative and dative forms in the masculine singular (e.g. кой (koj), ни́кой (níkoj)) and those without (e.g. чий (čij), какъ́в (kakǎ́v)).

To enable this support, use a special property corresponding to the type of table required, and specify manual overrides for all the non-lemma forms. The supported properties are:

• dva for два (dva) and compounds
• koj for кой (koj), ни́кой (níkoj), and similar pronouns
• chij for чий (čij), какъ́в (kakǎ́v), and similar pronouns

Examples:

1. For два (dva, “two”):

{{bg-adecl|два</dva/def_m_pl:два́та/ind_fn_pl:две/def_fn_pl:две́те>}}

which produces

2. For кой (koj, “who, what”):

{{bg-adecl|кой</koj/acc_m_sg:кого́/dat_m_sg:кому́/f_sg:коя́/n_sg:кое́/pl:кои́>}}

which produces

Note here that we specify a footnote after кому́ to indicate that it is archaic (see {{bg-ndecl}} for more information on specifying footnotes; the same format is used).

3. For какъ́в (kakǎ́v, “what (kind of)”):

{{bg-adecl|какъ́в</chij/f_sg:каква́/n_sg:какво́/pl:какви́>}}

which produces