singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | {{{1}}}af | {{{1}}}i | {{{1}}}, {{{1}}}a | {{{1}}}n | {{{1}}}ch | {{{1}}}ant | {{{1}}}ir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | {{{1}}}n | {{{1}}}it | {{{1}}}ai | {{{1}}}em | {{{1}}}ech | {{{1}}}ent | {{{1}}}id | |
preterite | {{{1}}}ais | {{{1}}}aist | {{{1}}}odd | {{{1}}}som | {{{1}}}soch | {{{1}}}sant | {{{1}}}yd | |
pluperfect | {{{1}}}swn | {{{1}}}sit | {{{1}}}sai | {{{1}}}sem | {{{1}}}sech | {{{1}}}sent | {{{1}}}sid | |
present subjunctive | {{{1}}}yf | {{{1}}}ych | {{{1}}}o | {{{1}}}om | {{{1}}}och | {{{1}}}ont | {{{1}}}er | |
imperative | — | {{{1}}}, {{{1}}}a | {{{1}}}ed | {{{1}}}n | {{{1}}}ch | {{{1}}}ent | {{{1}}}er | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-w | |||||||
verbal adjectives | {{{1}}}edig {{{1}}}adwy |
This template creates a conjugation table for verb forms used in literary Welsh. Many of these forms are not encountered in the colloquial language. This template is for verb roots ending in w.
{{cy-conj-w |(root) |(root with vowel affection) |3=(3rd singular present/future) |3alt=(alternate 3rd singular present/future) |imp=(2nd singular imperative) |nolong=3s/imp/both |plup=a |2ssubj=ech |2plaffectiononly=ind/imp/both |verbadj=edig/adwy/none }}
{{cy-verb}}
. This is the only obligatory parameter. If the root ends in nn or rr, put only one n or r here and use doublecons=
(see below).3=
the "short" form of the 3rd person singular present/future, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter -
if no short form is attested. It is not necessary to type 3=
if the previous parameter is present. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical to the root.3alt=
an alternative short form of the 3rd person singular present/future. Use this parameter only if the verb has two "short" variants of the 3rd person singular form.imp=
the "short" form of the 2nd person singular imperative, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter -
if no short form is attested. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical either to the form specified in 3=
or to the root.nolong=
Enter 3s
if the 3rd person singular present/future is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter imp
if the 2nd person singular imperative is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter both
if neither of these forms is attested to have a long form in -a.plup=
Enter a
if the preterite plural and the pluperfect forms have a before s (e.g. cadwasom). Omit this parameter if there is no a before the s (e.g. trawsom).2ssubj=
Enter ech
if the 2nd person singular subjunctive ends in -ech. Omit this parameter if it ends in -ych.2plaffectiononly=
Enter ind
if the 2nd person plural present/future is attested only with vowel affection. Enter imp
if the 2nd person plural imperative is attested only with vowel affection. Enter both
if both of those forms are attested only with vowel affection. If this parameter is omitted, the template assumes that both forms are attested both with and without vowel affection.verbadj=
Enter edig
if only the verbal adjective in -edig is attested. Enter adwy
if only the verb adjective in -adwy is attested. Enter none
if neither verbal adjective is attested. Omit this parameter if both verbal adjectives are attested.{{cy-conj-w|cadw|cedw|ceidw|nolong=3s|imp=cadw|plup=a|2plaffectiononly=both}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | cadwaf | cedwi | ceidw | cadwn | cedwch | cadwant | cedwir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | cadwn | cadwit | cadwai | cadwem | cadwech | cadwent | cedwid | |
preterite | cedwais | cedwaist | cadwodd | cadwasom | cadwasoch | cadwasant | cadwyd | |
pluperfect | cadwaswn | cadwasit | cadwasai | cadwasem | cadwasech | cadwasent | cadwasid, cadwesid | |
present subjunctive | cadwyf | cedwych | cadwo | cadwom | cadwoch | cadwont | cadwer | |
imperative | — | cadw, cadwa | cadwed | cadwn | cedwch | cadwent | cadwer | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-w | |||||||
verbal adjectives | cadwedig cadwadwy |
{{cy-conj-w|clyw|3=clyw|nolong=both|2ssubj=ech}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | clywaf | clywi | clyw | clywn | clywch | clywant | clywir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | clywn | clywit | clywai | clywem | clywech | clywent | clywid | |
preterite | clywais | clywaist | clywodd | clywsom | clywsoch | clywsant | clywyd | |
pluperfect | clywswn | clywsit | clywsai | clywsem | clywsech | clywsent | clywsid | |
present subjunctive | clywyf | clywech | clywo | clywom | clywoch | clywont | clywer | |
imperative | — | clyw | clywed | clywn | clywch | clywent | clywer | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-w | |||||||
verbal adjectives | clywedig clywadwy |
{{cy-conj-w|croesaw|croesew|-|imp=-|2plaffectiononly=ind}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | croesawaf | croesewi | croesawa | croesawn | croesewch | croesawant | croesewir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | croesawn | croesawit | croesawai | croesawem | croesawech | croesawent | croesewid | |
preterite | croesewais | croesewaist | croesawodd | croesawsom | croesawsoch | croesawsant | croesawyd | |
pluperfect | croesawswn | croesawsit | croesawsai | croesawsem | croesawsech | croesawsent | croesawsid, croesewsid | |
present subjunctive | croesawyf | croesewych | croesawo | croesawom | croesawoch | croesawont | croesawer | |
imperative | — | croesawa | croesawed | croesawn | croesewch, croesawch | croesawent | croesawer | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-w | |||||||
verbal adjectives | croesawedig croesawadwy |
{{cy-conj-w|taw|tew|-|imp=taw|nolong=imp|2plaffectiononly=both|verbadj=edig}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | tawaf | tewi | tawa | tawn | tewch | tawant | tewir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | tawn | tawit | tawai | tawem | tawech | tawent | tewid | |
preterite | tewais | tewaist | tawodd | tawsom | tawsoch | tawsant | tawyd | |
pluperfect | tawswn | tawsit | tawsai | tawsem | tawsech | tawsent | tawsid, tewsid | |
present subjunctive | tawyf | tewych | tawo | tawom | tawoch | tawont | tawer | |
imperative | — | taw | tawed | tawn | tewch | tawent | tawer | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-w | |||||||
verbal adjectives | tawedig |