Template:enm-conj-wk

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Conjugation of enm-conj-wk (weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) {{{head}}}, {{{1}}}e
present tense past tense
1st-person singular {{{1}}}e {{{2}}}ed
2nd-person singular {{{1}}}est {{{2}}}edest
3rd-person singular {{{1}}}eth {{{2}}}ed
subjunctive singular {{{1}}}e
imperative singular —
plural1 {{{1}}}en, {{{1}}}e {{{2}}}eden, {{{2}}}ede
imperative plural {{{1}}}eth, {{{1}}}e —
participles {{{1}}}ynge, {{{1}}}ende {{{2}}}ed, y{{{2}}}ed

1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

The following documentation is located at Template:enm-conj-wk/documentation.
Useful links: subpage list • links • redirects • transclusions • errors (parser/module) • sandbox

This template automatically generates a conjugation table for Middle English weak verbs; it replaces {{enm-conj}} and offers several advancements over it. There are three Middle English conjugation templates, all based on Module:enm-conj; the choice of template depends on the type of verb:

Details about the use of each template can be found on their documentation pages, though their operation is broadly similar.

Basic parameters

These parameters control the basic operation of the template; they should be all that's needed for most weak verbs.

  • |class= or |c= (optional) Controls the suffix used to form the verb's past forms. Multiple classes can be set using |class2=, |class3=, etc.
    • |class=ed (default) Past forms are formed with -ed; automatically supplies the appropriate forms and title.
    • |class=te Past forms are formed with -te; automatically supplies the appropriate forms and title.
    • |class=de Past forms are formed with -de; automatically supplies the appropriate forms and title.
    • |class=sl Past forms are formed without a suffix; automatically supplies the appropriate forms and title.
    • |class=irr Past forms are formed unpredictably; automatically supplies the appropriate title. If enabled, |2= is required due to the forms' unpredictability.
  • |1= (required) The verbal stem (with any endings removed).
  • |2= (usually optional; see below) Used to set unpredictable past forms; the exact function of this parameter depends on whether |class=irr is set.
    • If |class= (or |class2=, etc.) is irr, this is the combined stem and suffix used to form the past, without any endings.
    • Otherwise, this is the stem used to form the past, without any suffixes or endings.
    • If a verb has multiple classes set, |2a=, |2a2=, etc. can be used to assign a distinct stem to each one.
  • |3= (optional) The stem used to form the second- and third- person singular, if not predictable.
  • |s= (optional) If multiple classes are set, one of which is irr, |2= will only control the forms for irr. Any other unpredictable forms can be set with this parameter, which takes the stem (like |2=).
  • |y= (optional) Controls the presence of past participial variants prefixed with y-. This operates after all other parameters, so any custom past participles will automatically have variants with y- generated.
    • |y=0 No past participles have y- added to them.
    • |y=1 (default) The first past participle specified receives a variant with y-; any additional ones do not.
    • |y=2 All specified past participles receive variant with y-. If there is only one past participle, this behaves identically to |y=1.
    • |y=p1 The first past participle specified receives a variant with y-; any others do not. If only one past participle is specified, this behaves identically to |y=1.
    • |y=p2 The second past participle specified receives a variant with y-; any others do not. If only one past participle is specified, an error is returned.
    • |y=p3 The third past participle specified receives a variant with y-; any others do not. If less than three past participles are specified, an error is returned.
  • |nocat= (optional) Suppresses automatic categorisation.
  • |nopast= (optional) If set to anything other than 0, no, n, or false, marks present forms as nonexistent.

If an unlisted option is entered for |y= or |class=, it is treated as if the default option was entered.

Strong forms

In Middle English, some weak verbs have acquired an optional strong past; these parameters can be used to add such past forms. Additionally, if a historically strong verb is mostly weak in Middle English, it is recommended that {{enm-conj-wk}} is used with these parameters (rather than {{enm-conj-st}}).

  • |s_class= or |sc= (required if strong forms are set) Changes the class of the strong forms (displayed on the template header and used to categorise the verb). While any value can be entered, this should be a number from 1 to 7. Multiple classes can be set using |class2=, |class3=, etc.
  • At least one of the following parameters is required if |s_class= is set:
    • |s2=: The past singular stem (with any endings removed). If alternative stems exist, add them using |s2_2=, |s2_3=, etc.
    • |s3=: The past plural/subjunctive stem (with any endings removed). If alternative stems exist, add them using |s3_2=, |s3_3=, etc.
    • |s4=: The past participial stem (with any endings removed). If alternative stems exist, add them using |s4_2=, |s4_3=, etc.

Form replacement

Special parameters exist for specifying custom verb forms to replace the automatically generated forms. To add variants for a custom-generated form, affix 2 after the second, a 3 after the third and so on (e.g. |inf=, |inf2=, |inf3= and so on for the infinitive). Variants can be added while retaining some (or all) of the automatically-generated forms; this is done by making "gaps" in the enumeration of alternative forms (for example, to add a custom infinitive variant, but retain all the default forms, enter it as |inf3=, as two infinitive forms are specified by default).

The following form replacement parameters are accepted:

  • |inf=: infinitive
  • |1s=: first-person singular present indicative
  • |2s=: second-person singular present indicative
  • |3s=: third-person singular present indicative
  • |p=: plural present indicative/subjunctive
  • |sub=: singular present subjunctive/imperative
  • |imp_p=: plural imperative
  • |part=: present participle
  • |p_1s=: first/third-person singular past indicative and singular past subjunctive
  • |p_2s=: second-person singular past indicative
  • |p_p=: plural past (indicative and subjunctive)
  • |p_part=: past participle

The form replacement parameters accept the following special characters:

  • 0 Marks the variant slot as blank. Useful if a form has multiple automatically-generated variants, but only one variant actually exists for that verb. For example, if a verb only has one infinitive variant, |inf2=0 can be used to suppress the second automatically-generated infinitive.
  • — Marks the form as nonexistent for that verb. If this is used, no other variants should be entered. For example, |inf=— can be used to indicate that a verb has no infinitive.

Using this template

Minor variants

Solely orthographic variants (including those which display the loss of final schwa), such as third-person singular presents with -þ instead of -th or present participles with -yng instead of -ynge, should not be added when using this template. Instead, they should be listed as alternative forms on the appropriate verb form's page.


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