This template is used for displaying Pali verb headword with its gender. Additionally, it also puts the word into "Category:Pali verbs in ... script".
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.Verb classes categorise the material beyond the root by which the verb stem for the present tense is formed. The seven classes are:
Class | Sample root | Lemma from sample root | Description |
---|---|---|---|
1 | bhū | bhavati | The stem may be formed by any combination (includinɡ none) of reduplication, guṇation, and suffixation of -a or -ccha. |
2 | rudh | rundhati | The stem is formed by inserting a nasal in the root and suffixinɡ a vowel. |
3 | div | dibbati | -ya is suffixed to the root. The 'y' is usually assimilated, so gemination may be the only sign of it. |
4 | su | suṇoti/suṇāti | -no/-nu/-nā is added if the root ends in a vowel, -uno/-unu/-unā if it ends in a consonant. |
5 | ki | kiṇāti | -nā is added to the root. |
6 | tan | tanoti | The active stem is formed by suffixing -o, and the middle stem by suffixing -u. The root may be ɡuṇated. |
7 | cur | coreti/corayati | -aya or -e is suffixed to the stem. In most forms, these to are alternatives. The root may be lengthened. |
Guṇation differs from lengthening in that it does not convert /a/ to /ā/. As can be seen, these classes offer opportunities for obscurantism: gāyati (“to sing”) can be treated as class 3 from gā or as class 1 from ge.