User:RcAlex36/Random

• (nose): 鼻哥 (Cantonese), 鼻公 (Cantonese, Hakka, Gan) (but suffix may instead be be derived from an Austro–Tai word for “head”)
• (knee): 膝頭哥／膝头哥 (Cantonese), 膝頭牯／膝头牯 (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka), 膝頭公／膝头公 (Gan) (but suffix may instead be be derived from an Austro–Tai word for “head”)
• (ear): 耳公 (Hakka)
• (thumb): 手指公, 手公 (Cantonese, Hakka), 掌頭公／掌头公 (Teochew), 大拇哥 (dàmǔgē) (Mandarin)
• (fist): 拳頭牯／拳头牯 (Hakka)
• (shrimp): 蝦公／虾公 (Cantonese, Hakka, Gan)
• (cat): 貓公／猫公 (Hakka)
• (ant): 蟻公／蚁公 (Hakka)
• (earthworm): 䘆公 (Hakka)
• (praying mantis): 豹虎哥, 老虎哥 (Hakka)
• (monkey): 猴哥 (Hakka)
• (snake): 蛇哥 (Hakka)
• (bowl): 碗公 (wǎngōng, “bowl”) (Hakka)
• (stone; rock): 石牯 (Hakka)
• (thunder): 雷公 (Cantonese, Hakka, Min Nan)
• (sun): 日頭公／日头公 (Min Nan), 日頭牯／日头牯 (Gan), 老爺兒／老爷儿 (lǎoyér), 日頭爺／日头爷 (rìtóuyé), 太陽爺／太阳爷 (tàiyángyé) (Mandarin), 陽婆爺／阳婆爷 (Jin) (hermaphrodite lol)

• (fist): 拳頭母／拳头母 (Min), 拳頭嫲／拳头嫲 (Hakka)
• (palm): 巴掌嫲 (Hakka)
• (tongue): 舌嫲 (Hakka) (but may be etymologically unrelated if 嫲 is related to Proto-Kam-Sui *ma² (“tongue”))
• (louse): 蝨乸／虱乸 (Cantonese) 蝨嫲／虱嫲 (Hakka) 蝨母／虱母 (Min), 蝨婆／虱婆, 蝨婆子／虱婆子 (Xiang)
• (frog): 蛤乸 (Cantonese) (but may be etymologically unrelated if 乸 is related to Proto-Tai *naːᴬ (“paddy field”), c.f. 田雞)
• (leech): 蜞乸 (Cantonese)
• (eagle): 鷂婆／鹞婆 (Hakka)
• (bat): 密婆, 日婆, 夜婆, 月婆 (Min Nan), 蝠婆仔 (Hakka)
• (cockroach): 偷油婆 (tōuyóupó) (Mandarin, Xiang), 蚻母 (Min Dong)
• (ginger): 薑乸／姜乸 (Cantonese), 薑嫲／姜嫲 (Hakka), 薑母／姜母 (Min Nan)
• (Asian conical hat): 笠嫲 (Hakka)
• (knife): 刀嫲 (Hakka)
• (string; rope): 索嫲 (Hakka)
• (ladle): 勺嫲 (Hakka)
• (stone; rock): 石母 (cognate with 石部?) (Min Nan)
• (sun): 陽婆／阳婆 (Jin)
• (moon): 月娘 (Min Nan, Puxian Min), 月奶奶 (Mandarin)

根據潘家懿, & 鄭守治. (2010). 粵東閩南語的分布及方言片的劃分. 臺灣語文研究, 5(1), 145-165.

• 汕頭小片：汕頭市（金平區、龍湖區、澄海區、南澳縣）、潮州市（湘橋區、潮安縣、饒平縣（中南部各鄉鎮））、揭陽市（榕城區、揭東縣、揭西縣（南部的棉湖、錢坑、鳳江3鎮））
• 潮普小片：汕頭市（濠江區、潮陽區、潮南區）、揭陽市（普寧市、惠來縣）、汕尾市陸豐（甲子、甲東和甲西3鎮）
  • 甲子片：陸豐甲子、甲東、甲西

• 陸海小片：汕尾市城區、海豐縣和陸豐市（甲子等3鎮除外）
  • 海城片：海豐海城、城東、梅隴、陶河、聯安、鮜門、赤石、可塘、赤坑
  • 汕尾片：汕尾（馬宮、田墘、捷勝、東涌、紅草）、海豐大湖
  • 公平片：海豐公平、附近鄉村的福佬話地區
  • 東海片：陸豐東海、大安、金廂、城東、西南
  • 碣石片：陸豐碣石、湖東
  • 南塘片：陸豐南塘、博美、橋沖
  • 潭西片：陸豐潭西、河西、上英、星都區
• 惠博小片：惠州市（惠城區、惠陽區、惠東縣）、博羅縣各閩語村鎮及閩客雙方言村鎮

Mandarin:

• 螞螂／蚂螂 (mālang) = 螞／蚂 (mǎ, “prefix for animals”) + 螂 (lang) (< 蛉 (líng)?)
• 虰虰 (dīngdīng): reduplication like 蜻蜓 (qīngtíng)?

Southern dialects: ancestral language has *(n/tʰ/v/i)ɑŋ-(n/m)i? Is v- (黃) a Hakka innovation that made its way into Siyi Yue? (One can similarly argue tʰ- is a Yue innovation.)

• Cantonese 塘尾 (tong4 mei4-1) (Guangzhou)
• Taishanese 黃尾／黄尾 (vɔŋ²² mi³⁵)
• Hakka 囊蜺仔 (nong2 ni1 ê3) (Meixian), 黃蜺／黄蜺 (Pearl River Delta)
• Xiang 洋咪咪 (iæn¹³ mi³³ mi³) (Changsha)
• Min Nan 𧌄嬰／𧌄婴 (iân-mi) (Taipei Hokkien)

Min Nan: Hokkien 山蜊 (soaⁿ-lě), Teochew 𬠋𧌊 (sua1 me1) --> proto-Min Nan *suã (l/m)e? Is 田嬰／田婴 cognate with 蜻蜓 (qīngtíng)?

Min Bei: 刊魁 (kʰaŋ³³ kʰo⁵⁴) sounds like Fengkai (Nanfeng) Yue /kʰœŋ³³ kʰen⁵⁵/. A substrate word?

Compare: Zhuang biengzbeih (piːŋ˧˩ pei˧), Thai Nuea /mɛŋ² mi³/, Gelao /kɣən⁶/, Lingao /miŋ² dəi³/, Maonan /tɔŋ⁶ tin⁶/

廣州、香港（市區）、香港（市區）、香港（新田）、香港（錦田）、澳門、番禺、花都、從化、增城、佛山、南海、順德、高明、中山、珠海、東莞、寶安、清遠、佛岡、英德、韶關、曲江、仁化、樂昌、高要、雲浮、新興、羅定、鬱南、梧州

斗門、江門、新會、台山、開平、恩平、鶴山

陽山、連山、連州、廣寧、四會、德慶、封開（南豐）、懷集、玉林、蒙山（西河）、貴港（南江）、北流（唐僚）、博白、賀州（鋪門）

陽江、信宜、茂名（新坡）、湛江、廉江

吳川（吳陽）

南寧、桂平、百色、寧明、橫縣

合浦、欽州、靈山、浦北、北海

The 狗 in 狗蝨／狗虱 (“flea”) and 狗蟻／狗蚁 (“ant”) don't seem to mean anything. They appear to only be a k- prefix, found in some other animal names (e.g. 虼蚤 (gèzao, “flea”), 虼蚻 (“cockroach”)).

The words for "butterfly" in the southern China/southeast Asia look sort of similar:

Also, what is Hakka 揚蝶仔／扬蝶仔 (iɔŋ¹¹ iap̚⁵ pe³¹)?

In many southern dialects 蟬／蝉 ends in -m instead of the expected -n.