User:Surjection/etymusings/-ice-

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word User:Surjection/etymusings/-ice-. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word User:Surjection/etymusings/-ice-, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say User:Surjection/etymusings/-ice- in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word User:Surjection/etymusings/-ice- you have here. The definition of the word User:Surjection/etymusings/-ice- will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofUser:Surjection/etymusings/-ice-, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.

Premise

Seeks to explain the suppletion of the diminutive suffix usually reconstructed as *-inën ~ *-iccë-.

Observations

  1. Some nominals that in late Proto-Finnic would have developed a nominative suffix *-ci have received a suffix that prevented them from doing so: *iće > **ici*icek, *pide > **pici*pitkä.
  2. Proto-Uralic likely did not have adjective-noun congruence (i.e. adjectives were not inflected with nouns).

Conclusions

What if **ici and **pici were originally not inflected in any way? The former could have developed into a particle and the latter was clearly an adjective. When Proto-Finnic developed congruence, they now needed to inflect these words. However, the *-c- made the inflection ambiguous; should the inflection proceed as a t-stem, as with the readily inflectable nominals like *käci, *veci, etc. or not (cf. *lapci)?

This ambiguity was avoided by adding a suffix to both, which shifted the inflection to after that suffix, allowing the original stem to remain invariable. The -t- could have been (correctly) retained in *pitkä (not **pickä) due to the comparative and superlative forms displaying the consonant.

The diminutive suffix for nouns would have been inflected already, as it was part of the noun, not the adjective. However, it would have remained as the only case where *-ci inflected with a *-c- rather than a *-t-, and the suffix was probably not used often enough in the nominative for a system like this to be tenable. This meant that there was pressure to replace the nominative form of this suffix with something else.

Now let us posit an adjectival suffix *-ne(n) that was originally invariable (no congruence). Adjectives and diminutives are closely tied; we already make this observation with the existing suffix, as it is used both for adjectives and diminutives, and there is also *-i used both for diminutives and as an attribute-linking suffix. For these reasons, the nominative of the original diminutive *-ci would have been replaced with this adjective suffix, and then the inflection of the diminutive suffix applied to adjectives as well when congruence developed.

If the adjective suffix was originally *-nen, this would have been further encouraged by the difficulty of inflecting that regularly.

Problems

  1. Does the chronology add up?
  2. *pitkä appears old (exact Samoyedic cognate) - what if it is?
  3. What about numerals? Were they always inflectable?