Wiktionary uses the Sichuanese Pinyin to transcribe the Chengdu-Chongqing dialect of Sichuanese, which is part of the Southwest Mandarin branch. Entries also contain Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz, a modified form of Latinxua Sin Wenz.
Sichuanese Pinyin |
Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz |
IPA | Example | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
b | b | /p/ | 貝/贝 (bèi) | |
p | p | /pʰ/ | 配 (pèi) | |
m | m | /m/ | 沒/没 | |
f | f | /f/ | 發/发 | |
d | d | /t/ | 得 | |
t | t | /tʰ/ | 套 | |
n | l | /n/ | 路 (lù) | Free variation between , , |
g | g | /k/ | 古 | |
k | k | /kʰ/ | 可 | |
ng | ng | /ŋ/ | 我 | May be omitted in certain words |
h | x | /x/ | 好 | |
j | g | /t͡ɕ/ | 價/价 | |
q | k | /t͡ɕʰ/ | 巧 (qiǎo) | |
ny | n | /nʲ/ | 你 (nǐ) | May be omitted in certain words |
x | x | /ɕ/ | 小 (xiǎo) | |
r | rh | /z/ | 如 (rú) | |
z | z | /t͡s/ | 早 | |
c | c | /t͡sʰ/ | 草 (cǎo) | |
s | s | /s/ | 速 (sù) | |
w | (nothing) | /v/ | 五 (wǔ) | Only before /u/ as a full final |
(nothing) | (nothing) | ∅ | 兒/儿 |
Sichuanese Pinyin |
Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz |
IPA | Example | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
i | (nothing) | /z̩/ | 日 | Only with /t͡s/, /t͡sʰ/, /s/, /z/ |
er | r | /ɚ/ | 二 (èr) | |
a | a | /a/ | 大 | |
o | (u)o | /o/ | 我 | |
e | e | /ɛ/ | 黑 | May be pronounced |
ai | ai | /ai/ | 街 (jiē) | |
ei | ei | /ei/ | 批 (pī) | |
ao | ao | /au/ | 包 | |
ou | ou | /əu/ | 走 (zǒu) | |
an | an | /an/ | 煩/烦 (fán) | May be pronounced as , by younger speakers |
en | en | /ən/ | 櫻/樱 (yīng) | |
ang | ang/ong | /aŋ/ | 幫/帮 (bāng) | |
ong | ung | /oŋ/ | 畝/亩 (mǔ) | |
i | i | /i/ | 一 | Not with /t͡s/, /t͡sʰ/, /s/, /z/ |
ia | ia | /ia/ | 牙 (yá) | |
ie | ie | /iɛ/ | 葉/叶 | |
iai | iai | /iai/ | 介 (jiè) | May be pronounced |
iao | iao | /iau/ | 標/标 (biāo) | |
iu | iu | /iəu/ | 九 (jiǔ) | |
ian | ian | /iɛn/ | 變/变 (biàn) | May be pronounced as , by younger speakers |
in | in | /in/ | 兵 (bīng) | |
iang | iang/iong | /iaŋ/ | 量 | |
u | u | /u/ | 五 (wǔ) | |
ua | ua | /ua/ | 瓜 (guā) | |
ue | ue | /uɛ/ | 國/国 (guó) | |
uai | uai | /uai/ | 乖 (guāi) | |
ui | uei | /uei/ | 類/类 (lèi) | |
uan | uan | /uan/ | 段 (duàn) | May be pronounced as , by younger speakers |
un | un | /uən/ | 春 (chūn) | |
uang | uong | /uaŋ/ | 光 | |
ü | y | /y/ | 魚/鱼 (yú) | |
üo | iuo | /yo/ | 藥/药 | |
üe | ye | /ye/ | 絕/绝 (jué) | |
üan | uan | /yan/ | 鮮/鲜 | May be pronounced as , by younger speakers |
ün | un | /yn/ | 泳 (yǒng) | |
iong | yng | /yoŋ/ | 蓉 (róng) |
There is erhua in the Chengdu and Chongqing dialects. When erhua is applied to a syllable, "-r" is appended to the original final, e.g. 頭/头 (tou2 (/tʰəu²¹/)) becomes 頭兒/头儿 (tour2 (/tʰɚ²¹/)). Erhua changes the entire final into either , , , or based on the original final.
Pinyin table | Initials | Pinyin table | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
∅ | b | p | m | f | d | t | n | g | k | ng | h | j | q | ny | x | r | z | c | s | ||||
Group a Finals | -i | m | ri | zi | ci | si | -i | Group a Finals | |||||||||||||||
a | a | ba | pa | ma | fa | da | ta | na | ga | ka | nga | ha | za | ca | sa | a | |||||||
o | o | bo | po | mo | fo | do | to | no | go | ko | ngo | ho | ro | zo | co | so | o | ||||||
e | e | be | pe | me | de | te | ne | ge | ke | nge | he | re | ze | ce | se | e | |||||||
ai | ai | bai | pai | mai | dai | tai | nai | gai | kai | ngai | hai | zai | cai | sai | ai | ||||||||
ei | - | bei | pei | mei | fei | ei | |||||||||||||||||
ao | - | bao | pao | mao | dao | tao | nao | gao | kao | ngao | hao | rao | zao | cao | sao | ao | |||||||
ou | - | dou | tou | nou | gou | kou | ngou | hou | rou | zou | cou | sou | ou | ||||||||||
an | an | ban | pan | man | fan | dan | tan | nan | gan | kan | ngan | han | ran | zan | can | san | an | ||||||
en | - | ben | pen | men | fen | den | ten | nen | gen | ken | ngen | hen | ren | zen | cen | sen | en | ||||||
ang | ang | bang | pang | mang | fang | dang | tang | nang | gang | kang | ngang | hang | rang | zang | cang | sang | ang | ||||||
er | er | er | |||||||||||||||||||||
Group i Finals | i | yi | bi | pi | mi | di | ti | ni | ji | qi | nyi | xi | i | Group i Finals | |||||||||
ia | ya | bia | pia | dia | nia | jia | qia | nyia | xia | ia | |||||||||||||
ie | ye | bie | pie | mie | die | tie | nie | jie | qie | nyie | xie | ie | |||||||||||
iai | yai | jiai | xiai | iai | |||||||||||||||||||
iao | yao | biao | piao | miao | diao | tiao | niao | jiao | qiao | nyiao | xiao | iao | |||||||||||
iu | you | miu | diu | niu | jiu | qiu | nyiu | xiu | iu | ||||||||||||||
ian | yan | bian | pian | mian | dian | tian | nian | jian | qian | nyian | xian | ian | |||||||||||
in | yin | bin | pin | min | din | tin | nin | jin | qin | nyin | xin | in | |||||||||||
iang | yang | niang | jiang | qiang | nyiang | xiang | iang | ||||||||||||||||
Group u Finals | u | wu | bu | pu | mu | fu | du | tu | nu | gu | ku | hu | ru | zu | cu | su | u | Group u Finals | |||||
ua | wa | gua | kua | hua | rua | zua | cua | sua | ua | ||||||||||||||
ue | ue | gue | kue | hue | uo | ||||||||||||||||||
uo | wo | duo | tuo | nuo | guo | kuo | nguo | huo | ruo | zuo | cuo | suo | uo | ||||||||||
uai | wai | guai | kuai | huai | zuai | cuai | suai | uai | |||||||||||||||
ui | wei | dui | tui | nui | gui | kui | hui | rui | zui | cui | sui | ui | |||||||||||
uan | wan | duan | tuan | nuan | guan | kuan | huan | ruan | zuan | cuan | suan | uan | |||||||||||
un | wen | dun | tun | nun | gun | kun | hun | run | zun | cun | sun | un | |||||||||||
uang | wang | guang | kuang | huang | zuang | cuang | suang | uang | |||||||||||||||
ong | ong | bong | pong | mong | fong | dong | tong | nong | gong | kong | hong | rong | zong | cong | song | ong | |||||||
Group ü Finals | ü | yu | nü | ju | qu | nyü | xu | ü | Group ü Finals | ||||||||||||||
üo | yuo | nüo | juo | quo | xuo | üe | |||||||||||||||||
üe | yue | jue | que | xue | üe | ||||||||||||||||||
üan | yuan | juan | quan | xuan | üan | ||||||||||||||||||
ün | yun | jun | qun | xun | ün | ||||||||||||||||||
iong | yong | jiong | qiong | xiong | iong | ||||||||||||||||||
Pinyin table | ∅ | b | p | m | f | d | t | n | g | k | ng | h | j | q | ny | x | r | z | c | s | Pinyin table | ||
Initials |
"regular" initial or final
Final is in Group a or is a direct combination of:
|
Final of i, u, ü groups is a modified combination of:
|
syllable is direct combination of initial and final (or follows rules for no-initial syllables outlined at the top of the page) | syllable is modified combination of initial and final |
Dialects | 1st tone | 2nd tone | 3rd tone | 4th tone |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chengdu | ˥ 55 | ˨˩ 21 | ˥˧ 53 | ˨˩˧ 213 |
Chongqing | ˥ 55 | ˨˩ 21 | ˦˨ 42 | ˨˩˦ 214 |
In flowing speech, the fourth tone (213) becomes a low rising tone ˩˧ (13). The actual pronunciation of the first tone is closer to ˦˥ (45) in Chengdu.
Some varieties of Sichuanese have a fifth tone; in Chengdu and Chongqing it has merged with the second tone (Middle Chinese light level tone).
Because tone sandhi in Sichuanese has many irregularities, it is indicated by the actual tone appended after the original tone number along with a hyphen -
. For example, in bao2-1 the original tone is 2 and the actual tone is 1.
These are some tone sandhi patterns:
Chinese characters | Sichuanese Pinyin | Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz | IPA | Literal Meaning | Figurative Meaning |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
矮子過河,淹(安)了心。 | Ngai3zi3-2 go4 ho2, ngan1 no3 xin1. | Ngaaiz go ho, ngan lo xin. | /ŋai⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹ ko²¹³ xo²¹ ŋan⁵⁵ no⁵³ ɕin⁵⁵/ | A short person crosses a river—his heart drowns. ("drowns" sounds like "peace") | To settle one's mind. |
腳正不怕鞋歪。 | Juo2 zen4 bu2pa4 hai2 wai1. | Giuo zen bupa xai uai. | /t͡ɕyo²¹ t͡sən²¹³ pu²¹ pʰa²¹³ xai²¹ uai⁵⁵/ | A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe. | An upright man is not afraid of gossip. |
吃包穀粑打喝嗐,開黃腔。 | Ci2 bao1gu2ba1 da3 ho1hai4, kai1 huang2qiang1. | C baoguba daa xoxai, kai xuongkiang. | /t͡sʰz̩²¹ pau⁵⁵ ku²¹ pa⁵⁵ ta⁵³ xo⁵⁵ xai²¹³ kʰai⁵⁵ xuaŋ²¹ t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁵⁵/ | To yawn while eating corn cake and open up one's yellow mouth. | To talk dirty |
貓兒抓糍粑,脫不到爪爪。 | Maor1 zua1 ci2ba1, to2 bu2 dao3 zao3zao3-2. | Mer zua cba, to budao zaozao. | /mɚ⁵⁵ t͡sua⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩²¹ pa⁵⁵ tʰo²¹ pu²¹ tau⁵³ t͡sau⁵³ t͡sau⁵³⁻²¹/ | The cat grabs the glutinous rice cake—can't get it off his paws | To be unable to escape responsibility |