This template shows the number and English for each word on the Swadesh List as well as part-of-speech and the general and specific categories of the word.
Because of width limitations only a small number of languages can be shown on a single page. This template can be used as a basis for illustrating further languages.
PLEASE DO NOT EDIT THIS PAGE EXCEPT TO FINISH THE CATEGORIZATION. THIS IS A TEMPLATE ONLY. SEE Appendix:Swadesh list FOR A LISTING OF SPECIFIC SWADESH LISTS (OR TO ADD NEW ONES THERE).
№ | English | POS | Main Cat. | Specific Cat. | Lang4 | Lang5 | Lang6 | Lang7 | Lang8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | I | personal pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
2 | thou (singular) |
personal pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
3 | he | personal pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
4 | we | personal pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
5 | you (plural) |
personal pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
6 | they | personal pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
7 | this | demonstrative pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
8 | that | demonstrative pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
9 | here | demonstrative pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
10 | there | demonstrative pronoun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
11 | who | interrogative | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
12 | what | interrogative | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
13 | where | interrogative | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
14 | when | interrogative | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
15 | how | interrogative | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
16 | not | adverb | negation | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
17 | all | quantifier | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
18 | many | quantifier | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
19 | some | quantifier | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
20 | few | quantifier | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
21 | other | quantifier | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
22 | one | cardinal number | number | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
23 | two | cardinal number | number | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
24 | three | cardinal number | number | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
25 | four | cardinal number | number | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
26 | five | cardinal number | number | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
27 | big | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
28 | long | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
29 | wide | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
30 | thick | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
31 | heavy | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
32 | small | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
33 | short | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
34 | narrow | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
35 | thin | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
36 | woman | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
37 | man (adult male) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
38 | man (human being) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
39 | child (a youth) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
40 | wife | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
41 | husband | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
42 | mother | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
43 | father | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
44 | animal | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
45 | fish | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
46 | bird | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
47 | dog | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
48 | louse | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
49 | snake | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
50 | worm | noun | animal | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
51 | tree | noun | plant | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
52 | forest | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
53 | stick (of wood) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
54 | fruit | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
55 | seed | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
56 | leaf | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
57 | root | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
58 | bark (of tree) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
59 | flower | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
60 | grass | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
61 | rope | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
62 | skin (of a person) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
63 | meat (as in flesh) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
64 | blood | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
65 | bone | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
66 | fat (noun) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
67 | egg | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
68 | horn | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
69 | tail | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
70 | feather (rather not down) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
71 | hair | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
72 | head | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
73 | ear | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
74 | eye | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
75 | nose | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
76 | mouth | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
77 | tooth (rather not molar) |
noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
78 | tongue | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
79 | fingernail | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
80 | foot | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
81 | leg | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
82 | knee | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
83 | hand | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
84 | wing | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
85 | belly | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
86 | guts | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
87 | neck | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
88 | back | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
89 | breast | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
90 | heart | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
91 | liver | noun | body part | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
92 | to drink | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
93 | to eat | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
94 | to bite | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
95 | to suck | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
96 | to spit | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
97 | to vomit | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
98 | to blow (as wind) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
99 | to breathe | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
100 | to laugh | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
101 | to see | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
102 | to hear | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
103 | to know (a fact) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
104 | to think | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
105 | to smell (sense odor) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
106 | to fear | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
107 | to sleep | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
108 | to live | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
109 | to die | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
110 | to kill | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
111 | to fight | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
112 | to hunt (transitive) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
113 | to hit | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
114 | to cut | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
115 | to split | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
116 | to stab (or stick) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
117 | to scratch (an itch) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
118 | to dig | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
119 | to swim | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
120 | to fly | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
121 | to walk | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
122 | to come | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
123 | to lie (as on one's side) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
124 | to sit | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
125 | to stand | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
126 | to turn (change direction) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
127 | to fall (as in drop) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
128 | to give | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
129 | to hold (in one's hand) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
130 | to squeeze | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
131 | to rub | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
132 | to wash | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
133 | to wipe | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
134 | to pull | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
135 | to push | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
136 | to throw | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
137 | to tie | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
138 | to sew | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
139 | to count | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
140 | to say | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
141 | to sing | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
142 | to play | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
143 | to float | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
144 | to flow | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
145 | to freeze | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
146 | to swell | verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
147 | sun | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
148 | moon | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
149 | star | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
150 | water | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
151 | rain | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
152 | river | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
153 | lake | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
154 | sea (as in ocean) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
155 | salt | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
156 | stone | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
157 | sand | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
158 | dust | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
159 | earth (as in soil) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
160 | cloud | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
161 | fog | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
162 | sky | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
163 | wind (as in breeze) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
164 | snow | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
165 | ice | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
166 | smoke | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
167 | fire | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
168 | ashes | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
169 | to burn (intransitive) |
verb | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
170 | road | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
171 | mountain | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
172 | red | adjective | color | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
173 | green | adjective | color | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
174 | yellow | adjective | color | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
175 | white | adjective | color | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
176 | black | adjective | color | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
177 | night | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
178 | day (daytime) |
noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
179 | year | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
180 | warm (as in weather) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
181 | cold (as in weather) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
182 | full | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
183 | new | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
184 | old | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
185 | good | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
186 | bad | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
187 | rotten (as, a log) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
188 | dirty | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
189 | straight | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
190 | round | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
191 | sharp (as a knife) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
192 | dull (as a knife) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
193 | smooth | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
194 | wet | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
195 | dry (adjective) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
196 | right (correct) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
197 | near | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
198 | far | adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
199 | right (side) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
200 | left (side) |
adjective | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
201 | at | preposition | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
202 | in | preposition | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
203 | with (accompanying) |
conjunction | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
204 | and | conjunction | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
205 | if | conjunction | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
206 | because | conjunction | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |
207 | name | noun | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] | ] |