Wiktionary:Tajik entry guidelines

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Main category: Tajik language

Tajik (тоҷик) is the official language of the Republic of Tajikistan. This page deals with specific issues regarding Tajik entries on Wiktionary. For Tajik terms written in the Persian alphabet, see Persian entry guidelines.

Entry layout

This is the typical structure of a basic Tajik entry:

==Tajik==

===Etymology===
...

===Pronunciation===
{{tg-IPA}}

===Part of speech===
headword line

# definition
# definition

====Conjugation (for verbs) or Inflection (otherwise)====
template here

As a general rule-of-thumb, entries should try to include some form of attestation, either as a quotation or a dictionary reference. Otherwise, valid terms could fail RFV and be deleted. Dictionary references should be listed under ===Further reading===, whilst ===References=== should include inline (usually etymological) references.

Tajik references

Recommended references may be listed here, along with notes about the reference.

  • {{R:tg:Vozhaju}}
    • Vozhaju is reliable as attestation that a word exists, but unreliable regarding which form is the most common. The dictionary often chooses to lemmatise at the Persian-adjacent spelling, even if that spelling is the least common form of the word.
  • {{R:tg:Jilani}}

Etymology

Tajik terms derive mostly from Classical Persian (fa-cls), in which case the etymology should contain {{inh+|tg|fa-cls}}.

If the term is a classical borrowing from Arabic (ar), the Classical Persian should be followed by , from {{der|tg|ar}}. Note that Tajik did not have any direct interaction with Arabic, so most Arabic borrowings should be via Classical Persian.

If, after Classical Persian, the term was inherited from Middle Persian (pal) or an ancestor thereof, the etymology should be consolidated in the Persian entry. Therefore, if a term is inherited from Proto-Indo-European, the etymology section should contain:

===Etymology===
{{dercat|tg|fa-cls|pal|peo|iir-pro|ira-pro|ine-pro|inh=6}}
{{inh+|tg|fa-cls|}}

The full etymology is categorized but only the Classical Persian is displayed, with the rest of the etymology being in the Persian entry. This prevents the Tajik etymology from becoming outdated as the Persian etymology is updated more frequently. For manually written etymologies, inheritances past classical should only be displayed as necessary for disambiguation. Full etymologies may only be written via {{etymon}}, as {{etymon}} is able to update etymologies automatically.

Unattested Classical Persian

Some colloquialisms in Tajik have equivalents in colloquial Dari (or sometimes even in varieties of Iranian Persian), implying that the term existed in spoken dialects during the time period of Classical Persian, but were never attested in writing until after the Classical era. Examples include colloquial Tajik қатӣ (qati, and, with) and colloquial Dari کَتِی (katī), Tajik кучук (kučuk, puppy) and Dari کُچُک (kučuk), or Tajik тағо (taġo, maternal uncle) and Hazaragi تَغَایِی (taġāyī). Currently, these terms are not listed as being inherited (though there is no consensus on the matter), but their relationship is noted within the etymology section.

Orthography

Tajik (tg) lemmas on wiktionary should be in the Cyrillic script. Tajik terms written in the traditional Perso-Arabic orthography (i.e. pre-1920) are merged with Persian. Tajik terms written in the short-lived Latin and reformed-Arabic scripts may be included under the 'alternative forms' section, but only if they are attested, they should not be added as a mere guess of how they could've been spelt.

The Persian spelling may be added in the headword line using the parameter |fa=, other scripts should be added as an alternative form. If the term has an equivalent in modern Persian, but neither form is from Classical Persian, it should instead be added using the template {{fa-regional}} with the parameter |form=1.

Transliteration

Below is a table indicating the standard transliteration used for the Tajik Cyrillic-script. When written in the Persian alphabet, Tajik, Dari, and Classical Persian all utilize the same transliteration scheme, except in the pronunciation section of Persian entries.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
А Б В Г Ғ Д Е Ё Ж З И Ӣ Й К Қ Л М Н
а б в г ғ д е ё ж з и ӣ й к қ л м н
а b v g ġ d e, ye yo ž z i, yi i, yi y k q l m n
/a/ /b/ /v/ /ɡ/ /ʁ/ /d/ /e/,
/je/
/jɔː/,
/jɒː/
/ʒ/ /z/ /i/,
/iː/,
/ji/
/ˈiː/,
/ˈjiː/
/j/ /k/ /q/ /l/ /m/ /n/
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
О П Р С Т У Ӯ Ф Х Ҳ Ч Ҷ Ш Ъ Э Ю Я
о п р с т у ӯ ф х ҳ ч ҷ ш ъ э ю я
o p r s t u ü f x h č j š ' e yu ya
/ɔː/,
/ɒː/
/p/ /r/ /s/ /t/ /u/,
/uː/
/ɵ/ /f/ /χ/ /h/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /ʃ/ /ʔ/ /e/ /ju/,
/juː/
/ja/

Underlying final geminate

Some terms —typically from Arabic— have an underlying final geminate that is not pronounced or spelt unless the term is inflected. Thus, Classical Persian خَطّ (xatt) becomes хат (xat) in isolation, but хатти (xatt-i) with izofa. In these cases, the final geminate should not be in the lemma form, but should be in its inflected forms. {{tg-IPA}} should always include a manual spelling that includes the final geminate.

1998 spelling reform

In 1998, the government of Tajikistan officially removed the letters щ, ы, ь and ц from the Tajik alphabet. These letters were only used in Russian loanwords and their official correspondence is as follows:

  • щ → replaced by ш, or sometimes ч, or шч
  • ы → replaced by и
  • ьdropped
  • ц → replaced by тс between vowels; replaced by с otherwise

Spellings with pre-reform characters should only be added as alternative forms, and not as the main lemma.

Spelling variants

For terms with multiple spelling variants, the more conservative (post-reform) spelling should be the lemma. Thus, if a pre-reform term with ц can now be spelt with тс or с, the main form should be тс.

Examples

Letter Pre-reform spelling
(Alternative form)
Post-reform spelling
ц социалистӣ (sotsialisti) сотсиалистӣ (sotsialisti) (lemma)
сосиалистӣ (sosialisti) (alternative form)
цемент (tsement) семент (sement)
революция (revolyutsiya) револютсия (revolyutsiya)
концерт (kontsert) консерт (konsert)
щ борщ (boršč) борш (borš)
Щедрин (Ščedrin) Шедрин (Šedrin)
Хрущёв (Xruščyov) Хрушёв (Xrušyov)
ы выставка (vistavka) виставка (vistavka)
шашлык (šašlik) шашлик (šašlik)
ь июнь (iyun) июн (iyun)
январь (yanvar) январ (yanvar)
альбом (albom) албом (albom)
большевик (bolševik) болшевик (bolševik)