Wiktionary:Thai romanization

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WT:TH TR

These are the rules concerning transliteration in Thai entries.

Consonants

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Tone class mid high low mid high low mid high low mid high
Consonants ก ข ฃ1 ค ฅ1 ฆ ง จ ฉ ช6 ซ6 ฌ6 ญ ฎ ฏ ฐ ฑ ฒ ณ ด ต ถ
Paiboon Initials g k ng j ch s ch y d dt t n d dt t
Finals k (k) k (k) k t (t) t n t t
Royal Institute Initials k kh ng ch s ch y d t th n d t th
Finals k (k) k (k) k t (t) t n t t
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
Tone class low mid high low low high low mid low
Consonants ท ธ น บ ป ผ ฝ พ ฟ6 ภ ม ย ร4,5 ล5,6 ว ศ ษ ส6 ห ฬ อ ฮ
Paiboon Initials t n b bp p f p f p m y r l w s h l –2 h
Finals t p (p) p i3 n o3 t (h) n – (h)
Royal Institute Initials th n b p ph f ph f ph m y r l w s h l –2 h
Finals t p (p) p i3 n o3 t (h) n – (h)
  1. Obsolete letters
  2. Silent as initial consonant
  3. Part of a diphthong
  4. Final ร without a vowel mark = ɔɔn; Medial รร = a
  5. ฤ = รึ (rʉ, rue); ฤๅ = รือ: (rʉʉ, rue); ฦ = ลึ (lʉ, lue); ฦๅ = ลือ: (lʉʉ, lue). However, their pronunciation might change in words.
  6. Western loanwords sometimes use initials as alternative finals instead.
  7. Finals in parentheses are theoretical and they have never occured.

Vowels

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Vowels Open syllable ◌ะ ◌า ◌ิ ◌ี ◌ึ ◌ือ ◌ุ ◌ู เ◌ะ เ◌ แ◌ะ แ◌ โ◌ะ โ◌ เ◌าะ ◌อ (◌ɔɔ) เ◌อะ เ◌อ เ◌ียะ เ◌ีย เ◌ือะ เ◌ือ ◌ัวะ ◌ัว – ไ◌ ใ◌ เ◌า
Closed syllable ◌ั ◌ื เ◌็ แ◌็ ◌ ◌็อ เ◌ิ เ◌ีย เ◌ือ ◌ว (◌wɔɔ) ◌ำ –
Paiboon a aa i ii ʉ ʉʉ u uu e ee ɛ ɛɛ o oo ɔ ɔɔ ə əə ia iia ʉa ʉʉa ua uua am ai ao
Royal Institute a i ue u e ae o oe ia uea ua am ai ao

Phonetic diphthongs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Diphthongs ◌ัย ◌าย ◌าว ◌ิว ◌ึย ◌ุย ◌ูย เ◌็ว เ◌ว แ◌็ว แ◌ว โ◌ย ◌็อย ◌อย เ◌ย เ◌ียว เ◌ือย ◌วย
Paiboon ai aai aao iu ʉi ui uui eo eeo ɛo ɛɛo ooi ɔi ɔɔi əəi iiao ʉʉai uuai
Royal Institute ai ao io uei ui eo aeo oi oei iao ueai uai

Tone marks

0 1 2 3 4
Tone marks no mark ◌่ ◌้ ◌๊ ◌๋
Syllable type live1 short
dead2 		long
dead2
Paiboon High class ◌̌ ◌̀ ◌̂ –
Mid class ◌ ◌́ ◌̌
Low class ◌́ ◌̂ ◌́ –
Royal Institute not present at all
  1. Syllable ending in long vowel, diphthong or nasal
  2. Syllable ending in a short vowel or plosive
Lexical ordering
First level left to right end of string < consonant symbol <? Thai numeral
Second level by consonant, left to right inherent vowel < vowel symbol
Third level left to right no tone mark < tone mark
Numerals
Hindu-Arabic 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Thai ๐ (0) ๑ (1) ๒ (2) ๓ (3) ๔ (4) ๕ (5) ๖ (6) ๗ (7) ๘ (8) ๙ (9)

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