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From Middle High GermanSante(n), from LatinSanctos(literally “(at) the saints”). The spelling with initial X- first appears in Latin texts of the 10th century. One theory links it with Ancient GreekΞάνθος(Xánthos), the gods’ name for the Scamander river near Troy according to the Iliad. This theory is based on the fact that there was indeed a well-attested mediaeval legend equating Xanten with Troy. The inherited local pronunciation is Santen /ˈsan.tən/, but it has now been widely displaced by the spelling pronunciation. Xanten is the only German locality in X- (though there are a few Bavarian ones in Gs-, also pronounced with /ks/).
Hawicks, Heike: Sanctos–Xantum–Troia – Zum Einfluss ottonisch-byzantinischer Beziehungen auf die Toponymie im Xantener Raum, in: Ludwig, Uwe & Schilp, Thomas (editors): Mittelalter an Rhein und Maas – Beiträge zur Geschichte des Niederrheins, Waxmann Verlag, 2004, p. 27-41.