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Chiang, on the other hand, relied on the new relationship with the Allies (since his was the recognized government of China) in an attempt to improve his position against Yen-an.
The main force of the Communist Army broke through the Nationalist cordon and fled by a circuitous route through the wilderness of Southwest China to the northwest province of Shensi where they established a new Soviet-type government at Yen-an.
2000, George C. Y. Wang, Taiwan (World Conflicts and Confrontations), volume 3, Salem Press, Inc., →ISBN, page 662:
In 1935 the CCP's defeated army retreated to Yen-an in the northern part of Shanhsi Province. This retreat was called the Long March, during which tens of thousands of marchers died.
The annihilation campaigns proved failures and the Chinese Communists escaped to begin their epic Long March, a trek of a year's duration (1934-35) to the northwest to Yen-an (Yan'an) north of Sian. En route, at Tsunyi (Zunyi), out of contact with Moscow, they elected Mao Tse-tung as their leader and accepted his Sinified version of Marxism, Mao Tse-tung Thought, as their ideology. The remnants of the party, on arrival in Yen-an, lived in caves, licked their wounds, and set about builidng a party and army structure based on Mao's view that the leading revolutionary class in China was the peasantry.
