abactus

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Latin

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Perfect passive participle of abigō (“drive away, deter”).

Participle

abāctus (feminine abācta, neuter abāctum); first/second-declension participle

  1. driven away, stolen, having been driven away (especially of cattle)
  2. deterred, discouraged, having been deterred
  3. (of a disease) removed, having been removed
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative abāctus abācta abāctum abāctī abāctae abācta
genitive abāctī abāctae abāctī abāctōrum abāctārum abāctōrum
dative abāctō abāctae abāctō abāctīs
accusative abāctum abāctam abāctum abāctōs abāctās abācta
ablative abāctō abāctā abāctō abāctīs
vocative abācte abācta abāctum abāctī abāctae abācta

Etymology 2

From abigō (“drive away, deter”) +‎ -tus (noun-forming suffix).

Noun

abāctus m (genitive abāctūs); fourth declension

  1. The act of driving away, robbing (especially of cattle).
    • 61 CE – c. 112 CE, Pliny the Younger, Panegyricus 20.4:
      Quam dissimilis nuper alterius principis transitus, si tamen transitus ille, non populatio fuit, cum abactus hospitum exerceret, omniaque dextra laevaque perusta et attrita...
      How unlike this was the late march of the prince, if it can even be called a march and not a hostile incursion, when he oversaw the driving away of the enemy, wearing away and burning all to the left and to the right...
    • 1891, Acta Sanctae Sedes, Vatican, page 25:
      Deinde linteolo prope cadaver sumpto abiit et aqua cui illud immerserat, aegra membra respergens, illico omne inde venenum abstersit, et quem morbum nulla medicae artis praesidia curare potuerant, extemplo vidit abactum.
      Then he removed the small linen cloth placed near the body, and, cleaning the sick limbs with the water in which it had been immersed, in that very place he wiped away all poison from them, and he immediately saw the driving away of disease which no help of the medical arts had been able to cure.
Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative abāctus abāctūs
genitive abāctūs abāctuum
dative abāctuī abāctibus
accusative abāctum abāctūs
ablative abāctū abāctibus
vocative abāctus abāctūs

Further reading

  • “abactus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “abactus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • abactus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “abactus”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
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