abajgat

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Hungarian

FWOTD – 14 December 2023

Etymology

From an unattested stem + -gat (frequentative-causative suffix). The stem is of unknown origin and is the same as in abajog (“to shout, yell; to yammer”). First attested in 1662.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

abajgat

  1. (transitive) to bother, harass, pester (someone or an animal)
    Synonyms: gyötör, háborgat, nyugtalanít, zaklat, zavar
    • 1987, Ferenc Temesi, Por, volume 2: L–Zs, Budapest: Magvető, →ISBN, page 85:
      Balogh Juliska ezentúl a lábát sem tette a „Föllépő”-be. Az igazsághoz hozzátartozik, hogy nagyapám is mind kevesebbet: belehabarodott a Kass-kávéház női zenekarának bőgősébe, azt abajgatta.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. (transitive) to poke, finger, squeeze, tamper with (an object)
    Synonyms: piszkál, macerál
  3. (transitive) to pamper, caress, nurse (a child or animal)
    Synonyms: ajnároz, gondoz, pátyolgat

Conjugation

conjugation of abajgat
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. abajgatok abajgatsz abajgat abajgatunk abajgattok abajgatnak
Def. abajgatom abajgatod abajgatja abajgatjuk abajgatjátok abajgatják
2nd-p. o. abajgatlak ―
Past Indef. abajgattam abajgattál abajgatott abajgattunk abajgattatok abajgattak
Def. abajgattam abajgattad abajgatta abajgattuk abajgattátok abajgatták
2nd-p. o. abajgattalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. abajgatni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. abajgaték abajgatál abajgata abajgatánk abajgatátok abajgatának
Def. abajgatám abajgatád abajgatá abajgatánk abajgatátok abajgaták
2nd-p. o. abajgatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. abajgat vala, abajgatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. abajgatandok abajgatandasz abajgatand abajgatandunk abajgatandotok abajgatandanak
Def. abajgatandom abajgatandod abajgatandja abajgatandjuk abajgatandjátok abajgatandják
2nd-p. o. abajgatandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. abajgatnék abajgatnál abajgatna abajgatnánk abajgatnátok abajgatnának
Def. abajgatnám abajgatnád abajgatná abajgatnánk
(or abajgatnók) 		abajgatnátok abajgatnák
2nd-p. o. abajgatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. abajgatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. abajgassak abajgass or
abajgassál 		abajgasson abajgassunk abajgassatok abajgassanak
Def. abajgassam abajgasd or
abajgassad 		abajgassa abajgassuk abajgassátok abajgassák
2nd-p. o. abajgassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. abajgatott légyen
Infinitive abajgatni abajgatnom abajgatnod abajgatnia abajgatnunk abajgatnotok abajgatniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
abajgatás abajgató abajgatott abajgatandó abajgatva (abajgatván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of abajgat
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. abajgathatok abajgathatsz abajgathat abajgathatunk abajgathattok abajgathatnak
Def. abajgathatom abajgathatod abajgathatja abajgathatjuk abajgathatjátok abajgathatják
2nd-p. o. abajgathatlak ―
Past Indef. abajgathattam abajgathattál abajgathatott abajgathattunk abajgathattatok abajgathattak
Def. abajgathattam abajgathattad abajgathatta abajgathattuk abajgathattátok abajgathatták
2nd-p. o. abajgathattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. abajgathaték abajgathatál abajgathata abajgathatánk abajgathatátok abajgathatának
Def. abajgathatám abajgathatád abajgathatá abajgathatánk abajgathatátok abajgathaták
2nd-p. o. abajgathatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. abajgathat vala, abajgathatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. abajgathatandok
or abajgatandhatok 		abajgathatandasz
or abajgatandhatsz 		abajgathatand
or abajgatandhat 		abajgathatandunk
or abajgatandhatunk 		abajgathatandotok
or abajgatandhattok 		abajgathatandanak
or abajgatandhatnak
Def. abajgathatandom
or abajgatandhatom 		abajgathatandod
or abajgatandhatod 		abajgathatandja
or abajgatandhatja 		abajgathatandjuk
or abajgatandhatjuk 		abajgathatandjátok
or abajgatandhatjátok 		abajgathatandják
or abajgatandhatják
2nd-p. o. abajgathatandalak
or abajgatandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. abajgathatnék abajgathatnál abajgathatna abajgathatnánk abajgathatnátok abajgathatnának
Def. abajgathatnám abajgathatnád abajgathatná abajgathatnánk
(or abajgathatnók) 		abajgathatnátok abajgathatnák
2nd-p. o. abajgathatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. abajgathatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. abajgathassak abajgathass or
abajgathassál 		abajgathasson abajgathassunk abajgathassatok abajgathassanak
Def. abajgathassam abajgathasd or
abajgathassad 		abajgathassa abajgathassuk abajgathassátok abajgathassák
2nd-p. o. abajgathassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. abajgathatott légyen
Inf. (abajgathatni) (abajgathatnom) (abajgathatnod) (abajgathatnia) (abajgathatnunk) (abajgathatnotok) (abajgathatniuk)
Positive adjective abajgatható Neg. adj. abajgathatatlan Adv. part. (abajgathatva / abajgathatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ abajgat in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

  • abajgat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • abajgat in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
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