. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
English
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
From Middle English absent, from Middle French absent, from Old French ausent, and their source, Latin absens, present participle of absum (“to be away from”), from ab (“away”) + sum (“to be”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
absent (comparative absenter, superlative absentest)
- (not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present; missing.
Due to his business dealings with Xi, Hunter, and Volodymyr, Ramzi is always absent from class.
- (not comparable) Not existing; lacking.
The part was rudimental or absent.
- (comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied.
1746-1747, Chesterfield, Letters to his Son:What is commonly called an absent man is commonly either a very weak or a very affected man.
1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:For days Ailie had an absent eye and a sad face, and it so fell out that in all that time young Heriotside, who had scarce missed a day, was laid up with a broken arm and never came near her.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
being away from a place
- Afrikaans: afwesig
- American Sign Language: 1@NearFinger-Open8@Center-PalmDown Contact 1@NearFinger-Open8@Center-PalmDown
- Arabic: غَائِب (ḡāʔib)
- Armenian: բացակա (hy) (bacʿaka)
- Asturian: ausente
- Belarusian: адсу́тны (adsútny), (verb) адсу́тнічаць impf (adsútničacʹ)
- Bulgarian: отсъ́стващ (bg) (otsǎ́stvašt)
- Catalan: absent (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 缺席 (zh) (quēxí)
- Czech: nepřítomný
- Danish: fraværende (da)
- Dutch: afwezig (nl), weg (nl), absent (nl)
- Estonian: puuduv
- Finnish: puuttuva (fi), poissa (oleva)
- French: absent (fr)
- Galician: ausente
- Georgian: არდამსწრე (ardamsc̣re), არმყოფი (armq̇opi)
- German: abwesend (de)
- Greek: απών (el) (apón)
- Ancient: οἰχόμενος (oikhómenos)
- Hindi: अनुपस्थित (hi) (anupasthit), ग़ैरहाज़िर (ġairhāzir)
- Hungarian: távol lévő
- Ido: absenta (io)
- Italian: assente (it)
- Japanese: いない (ja) (inai), 欠席する (ja) (kesseki suru) (verb)
- Korean: 없는 (ko) (eomneun), 결석하는 (ko) (gyeolseokhaneun)
- Latin: absēns (la)
- Macedonian: отсутен (otsuten)
- Malay:
- Rumi: absen (ms)
- Maltese: nieqes (mt)
- Maori: ngaro, kaitu, tamō, matangaro
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: fraværende
- Nynorsk: fråverande
- Old English: æfweard
- Persian: غایب (fa) (ğâyeb)
- Polish: nieobecny (pl)
- Portuguese: ausente (pt)
- Romanian: absent (ro), neprezent
- Russian: отсу́тствующий (ru) (otsútstvujuščij), (verb) отсу́тствовать (ru) impf (otsútstvovatʹ)
- Serbo-Croatian: neprisutan (sh), неприсутан, odsutan (sh)
- Slovak: neprítomný
- Slovene: odsoten
- Spanish: ausente (es)
- Swedish: frånvarande (sv)
- Tagalog: liban (tl), huwat
- Ukrainian: відсу́тній (vidsútnij)
- Urdu: غیر حاضر (ġair hāzir), غائب (ġā'ib)
- Vietnamese: vắng mặt (vi)
|
Translations to be checked
Noun
absent (plural absents)
- (with definite article) Something absent, especially absent people collectively; those who were or are not there.
- 1772, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, 30 May:
- The Applause he met with exceeds all belief of the Absent.
1947, Cecil Day Lewis, Poetic Image:That very sense of longing, of yearning for the absent, which 'nostalgia' conveys to us now.
- (obsolete, Scotland) An absentee; a person who is not there.
Preposition
absent
- In the absence of; without; except.
Absent taxes modern governments cannot function.
1919, “State vs. Britt, Supreme Court of Missouri, Division 2”, in The Southwestern Reporter, page 427:If the accused refuse upon demand to pay money or deliver property (absent any excuse or excusing circumstance) which came into his hands as a bailee, such refusal might well constitute some evidence of conversion, with the requisite fraudulent intent required by the statute.
2011, David Elstein, London Review of Books, volume 33, number 15:the Princess Caroline case […] established that – absent a measurable ‘public interest’ in publication – she was safe from being photographed while out shopping.
2013, Stephen K. Wegren, “Agriculture”, in Stephen K. Wegren, editor, Return to Putin's Russia: Past Imperfect, Future Uncertain, 5th edition, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 223:About 25 percent of Russia’s large farms continue to be unprofitable, and that number would be considerably higher absent government subsidies and assistance programs.
2019 September 5, Ian Bogost, “I tried to limit my screen time (It didn't go well)”, in The Atlantic:And the distraction-management software Freedom offers a mode that won’t unlock affected apps absent a telephone-support call.
2020, Anu Bradford, “8. Is the Brussels Effect Beneficial?”, in The Brussels Effect. How the European Union Rules the World, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 258:California cannot promulgate regulations that are inconsistent with US federal laws absent an explicit waiver from the federal government.
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English absenten, from Old French absenter, from Late Latin absentāre (“keep away, be away”).
Pronunciation
Verb
absent (third-person singular simple present absents, present participle absenting, simple past and past participle absented)
- (reflexive) To keep (oneself) away.
Most of the men are retired, jobless, or have otherwise temporarily absented themselves from the workplace.
1701-1703, Addison, Remarks on Italy:If after due summons any member absents himself, he is to be fined.
1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm , London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced by half.
- (transitive, archaic) To keep (someone) away.
1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. , London: [Samuel Simmons], , →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: , London: Basil Montagu Pickering , 1873, →OCLC:Go; for thy stay, not free, absents thee more;
- (intransitive, obsolete) Stay away; withdraw.
1855, Frederick Douglass, My Bondage and My Freedom. , New York, Auburn, N.Y.: Miller, Orton & Mulligan , →OCLC:The iron rule of the plantation, always passionately and violently enforced in that neighborhood, makes flogging the penalty of failing to be in the field before sunrise in the morning, unless special permission be given to the absenting slave.
- (transitive, rare) Leave.
Derived terms
Translations
to withhold from being present
Translations to be checked
References
- ^ Philip Babcock Gove (editor), Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 , →ISBN), page 6
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “absent”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 8.
- ^ “absent, n.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Anagrams
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin absentem. Doublet of ausent.
Pronunciation
Adjective
absent m or f (masculine and feminine plural absents)
- absent
- Antonym: present
Related terms
Further reading
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin absentem. Compare the popular form ausent.
Pronunciation
Adjective
absent (feminine absente, masculine plural absents, feminine plural absentes)
- absent
- absent-minded
Derived terms
Related terms
Noun
absent m (plural absents)
- absentee; missing person
Derived terms
Further reading
Anagrams
German
Pronunciation
Adjective
absent (strong nominative masculine singular absenter, not comparable)
- absent, not present
- absent-minded
Declension
Positive forms of absent (uncomparable)
Norman
Etymology
From Old French ausent, relatinized on the model of its ancestor, Latin absēns (“absent, missing”), present active participle of absum, abesse (“be away, be absent”).
Adjective
absent m
- (Jersey) absent
Derived terms
Polish
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin absēns. First attested in 1571–1632.
Pronunciation
Noun
absent m animacy unattested
- The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
- (Middle Polish) absence
- (Middle Polish) absentee
Declension
Attested forms of *absent
|
singular
|
plural
|
nominative
|
—
|
—
|
genitive
|
—
|
absentów
|
dative
|
—
|
—
|
accusative
|
—
|
—
|
instrumental
|
—
|
—
|
locative
|
—
|
—
|
vocative
|
—
|
—
|
Related terms
References
- Marek Kunicki-Goldfinger (29.09.2014), “ABSENT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French absent, Latin absēns, absēntem.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /abˈsent/, /apˈsent/
Adjective
absent m or n (feminine singular absentă, masculine plural absenți, feminine and neuter plural absente)
- absent
- Antonym: prezent
Declension
Related terms
Further reading