abstemious

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English

WOTD – 4 June 2018

Etymology

From Latin abstēmius (“abstaining from wine”); from ab, abs (“from”) + tēmus, a root of tēmētum (“intoxicating drink, especially strong mead or wine”) (possibly from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark (referring to the colour of wine)”)) +‎ -ous.[1]

Pronunciation

Adjective

abstemious (comparative more abstemious, superlative most abstemious)

  1. Refraining from freely consuming food or strong drink; sparing in diet; abstinent, temperate.
    Synonyms: abstinent, sober, temperate; see also Thesaurus:abstemious
  • 1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter IV, in The Last Man. , volume I, London: Henry Colburn, , →OCLC, page 148:
    […] I, abstemious naturally, and rendered so by the fever that preyed on me, was forced to recruit myself with food.
  • , “The Living Skeleton”, in Curiosities of Biography, Or Memoirs of Remarkable Men, Glasgow: Printed for Richard Griffin & Company, →OCLC, page 285:
    On turning around, I was instantly rivetted by his amazing emaciation; he seemed another "Lazarus, come forth" without his grave-clothes, […] Below the ribs, the trunk so immediately curves in, that the red band of the silk covering, though it is only loosely placed, seems a tourniquet to constrict the bowels within their prison-house, and the hip-bones, being of their natural size, the waist is like a wasp's. By this part of the frame we are reminded of some descriptions of the abstemious and Bedouin Arab of the desert, in whom it is said the abdomen seems to cling to the vertbræ.
    A use of the adjective as a noun.]
  • 1919, W Somerset Maugham, chapter XXVIII, in The Moon and Sixpence, : Grosset & Dunlap Publishers , →OCLC, page 147:
    In the dimness of the landing I could not see him very well, but there was something in his voice that surprised me. I knew he was of abstemious habit or I should have thought he had been drinking.
  • 2003, Gabriel García Márquez, chapter 4, in Edith Grossman, transl., Living to Tell the Tale, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, page 228:
    The other duel, which occurred much earlier but was indelible in the town's memory, was the one between Plinio Balmaceda and Dionisiano Barrios. The first was a member of an old and respectable family, an enormous, charming man but also a troublemaker with a wicked temper when he crossed paths with alcohol. […] Dionisiano Barrios was just the opposite: a timid, impaired man, an enemy of brawls and abstemious by nature.
  • Sparing in the indulgence of the appetite or passions.
    Synonyms: abstentious, continent; see also Thesaurus:self-abnegatory, Thesaurus:temperate
    • 2010, Rebecca L. Davis, “Sacred Partnerships”, in More Perfect Unions: The American Search for Marital Bliss, Cambridge, Mass., London: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 149:
      The Ms had an abstemious sex life; in fourteen years of marriage, they had had sex exactly six times. Mrs. M desired sex and more children, but her husband refused.
  • Sparingly used; used with temperance or moderation.
    Synonyms: frugal, sparing; see also Thesaurus:frugal
    Antonyms: extravagant, squandering; see also Thesaurus:prodigal
    • 1842, John Reitch, “ EPILEPSY.”, in Gibbons Merle, John Reitch, The Domestic Dictionary and Housekeeper’s Manual: Comprising Everything Related to Cookery, Diet, Economy and Medicine. By Gibbons Merle. The Medical Portion of the Work by John Reitch, M.D., London: William Strange, 21, Paternoster Row, →OCLC, page 360, column 2:
      If the predisposition to the disease has arisen from a plethoric state of the system, or from a turgescence in the vessels of the head, this is to be obviated by bleeding, both generally and topically, but more particularly the latter; an abstemious diet and proper exercise; and by a seton in the neck.
  • Marked by, or spent in, abstinence.
    Synonym: temperate
    an abstemious life
  • (rare) Promotive of abstemiousness.

    • Derived terms

    Translations

    References

    1. ^ Compare “abstemious”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
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