abster

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Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin abstinēre (“to abstain”), with conjugation based on ter.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /absˈteɾ/
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Hyphenation: abs‧ter

Verb

abster (first-person singular present absteño, first-person singular preterite abstiven, past participle abstido)
abster (first-person singular present abstenho, first-person singular preterite abstivem or abstive, past participle abstido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. (reflexive) to abstain

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abster (irregular)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal abster
Personal abster absteres abster abstermos absterdes absteren
Gerund
abstendo
Past participle
Masculine abstido abstidos
Feminine abstida abstidas
Indicative
Present absteño abstés abstén abstemos abstendes, abstedes absteñen
Imperfect abstiña abstiñas abstiña abstiñamos abstiñades abstiñan
Preterite abstiven abstiveches abstivo abstivemos abstivestes abstiveron
Pluperfect abstivera abstiveras abstivera abstiveramos abstiverades abstiveran
Future absterei absterás absterá absteremos absteredes absterán
Conditional abstería absterías abstería absteriamos absteriades absterían
Subjunctive
Present absteña absteñas absteña absteñamos absteñades absteñan
Imperfect abstivese abstiveses abstivese abstivésemos abstivésedes abstivesen
Future abstiver abstiveres abstiver abstivermos abstiverdes abstiveren
Imperative
Affirmative abstén absteña absteñamos abstende, abstede absteñan
Negative (non) non absteñas non absteña non absteñamos non absteñades non absteñan
    Reintegrated conjugation of abster (irregular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti / tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal abster
Personal abster absteres abster abstermos absterdes absterem
Gerund
abstendo
Past participle
Masculine abstido abstidos
Feminine abstida abstidas
Indicative
Present abstenho abstés, absténs abstém abstemos abstendes abstenhem, abstêm, abstém1
Imperfect abstinha abstinhas abstinha abstínhamos abstínhades, abstínheis, abstínhais1 abstinham
Preterite abstivem, abstive abstiveste, abstiveche1 abstivo, absteve abstivemos abstivestes abstivérom, abstiveram
Pluperfect abstivera abstiveras abstivera abstivéramos abstivérades, abstivéreis, abstivérais1 abstiveram
Future absterei absterás absterá absteremos absteredes, abstereis absterám, absterão
Conditional absteria absterias absteria absteríamos absteríades, absteríeis, absteríais1 absteriam
Subjunctive
Present abstenha abstenhas abstenha abstenhamos abstenhades, abstenhais abstenham
Imperfect abstivesse abstivesses abstivesse abstivéssemos abstivéssedes, abstivésseis abstivessem
Future abstiver abstiveres abstiver abstivermos abstiverdes abstiverem
Imperative
Affirmative abstém abstenha abstenhamos abstende abstenham
Negative (nom) nom abstenhas nom abstenha nom abstenhamos nom abstenhades, nom abstenhais nom abstenham

1Less recommended.

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abstinēre (“to abstain”), with conjugation based on ter.

Pronunciation

 
 

  • Rhymes: -eʁ, -eɾ
  • Hyphenation: abs‧ter

Verb

abster (first-person singular present abstenho, first-person singular preterite abstive, past participle abstido)

  1. (transitive) to keep, to prevent (to stop someone from doing something)
    As dores o abstiveram de viajar.
    The pains kept him from travelling.
  2. (pronominal) to abstain, to refrain (to deliberately not do, have or make use of something pleasurable)
    Essa dieta exige que você se abstenha de chocolate.
    This diet requires you to abstain from chocolate.
    Essa dieta exige que você se abstenha de comer chocolate.
    This diet requires you to abstain from eating chocolate.
  3. (pronominal) to keep one’s composure
    Não importa quantos insultos ouvir, abstenha-se.
    No matter how many insults you hear, keep calm.
  4. (pronominal) to abstain (to deliberately refrain from voting)
    Nenhuma das opções é boa, então eu me abstenho.
    None of the options is good, so I abstain.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abster (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal abster
Personal abster absteres abster abstermos absterdes absterem
Gerund
abstendo
Past participle
Masculine abstido abstidos
Feminine abstida abstidas
Indicative
Present abstenho absténs abstém abstemos abstendes abstêm
Imperfect abstinha abstinhas abstinha abstínhamos abstínheis abstinham
Preterite abstive abstiveste absteve abstivemos abstivestes abstiveram
Pluperfect abstivera abstiveras abstivera abstivéramos abstivéreis abstiveram
Future absterei absterás absterá absteremos abstereis absterão
Conditional absteria absterias absteria absteríamos absteríeis absteriam
Subjunctive
Present abstenha abstenhas abstenha abstenhamos abstenhais abstenham
Imperfect abstivesse abstivesses abstivesse abstivéssemos abstivésseis abstivessem
Future abstiver abstiveres abstiver abstivermos abstiverdes abstiverem
Imperative
Affirmative abstém abstenha abstenhamos abstende abstenham
Negative (não) não abstenhas não abstenha não abstenhamos não abstenhais não abstenham

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia