abstineo

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Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From ab- (“away from”) +‎ teneō (“hold; restrain”).

Pronunciation

Verb

abstineō (present infinitive abstinēre, perfect active abstinuī, supine abstentum); second conjugation

  1. to abstain
  2. to keep, stay off or away, hold at a distance, avoid
    Synonyms: ēvādō, ēlūdō, dētrectō, vītō, ēvītō, refugiō, exeō, āversor, parcō, dēclīnō, fugiō
    Antonyms: dēstinō, intendō, tendō, petō, quaerō, affectō, studeō, spectō, circumspiciō
  3. (with nōn) to allow, let
    Se ita dicere non abstinuit.
    He allowed himself to speak so/thus.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of abstineō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present abstineō abstinēs abstinet abstinēmus abstinētis abstinent
imperfect abstinēbam abstinēbās abstinēbat abstinēbāmus abstinēbātis abstinēbant
future abstinēbō abstinēbis abstinēbit abstinēbimus abstinēbitis abstinēbunt
perfect abstinuī abstinuistī abstinuit abstinuimus abstinuistis abstinuērunt,
abstinuēre
pluperfect abstinueram abstinuerās abstinuerat abstinuerāmus abstinuerātis abstinuerant
future perfect abstinuerō abstinueris abstinuerit abstinuerimus abstinueritis abstinuerint
passive present abstineor abstinēris,
abstinēre 		abstinētur abstinēmur abstinēminī abstinentur
imperfect abstinēbar abstinēbāris,
abstinēbāre 		abstinēbātur abstinēbāmur abstinēbāminī abstinēbantur
future abstinēbor abstinēberis,
abstinēbere 		abstinēbitur abstinēbimur abstinēbiminī abstinēbuntur
perfect abstentus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect abstentus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect abstentus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present abstineam abstineās abstineat abstineāmus abstineātis abstineant
imperfect abstinērem abstinērēs abstinēret abstinērēmus abstinērētis abstinērent
perfect abstinuerim abstinuerīs abstinuerit abstinuerīmus abstinuerītis abstinuerint
pluperfect abstinuissem abstinuissēs abstinuisset abstinuissēmus abstinuissētis abstinuissent
passive present abstinear abstineāris,
abstineāre 		abstineātur abstineāmur abstineāminī abstineantur
imperfect abstinērer abstinērēris,
abstinērēre 		abstinērētur abstinērēmur abstinērēminī abstinērentur
perfect abstentus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect abstentus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — abstinē — — abstinēte —
future — abstinētō abstinētō — abstinētōte abstinentō
passive present — abstinēre — — abstinēminī —
future — abstinētor abstinētor — — abstinentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives abstinēre abstinuisse abstentūrum esse abstinērī abstentum esse abstentum īrī
participles abstinēns — abstentūrus — abstentus abstinendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
abstinendī abstinendō abstinendum abstinendō abstentum abstentū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

  • “abstineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “abstineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • abstineo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to refrain from doing a wrong, an injustice: iniuria abstinere (Off. 3. 17. 72)
    • to never appear in public: publico carere, se abstinere
    • to abstain from all nourishment: cibo se abstinere
  • abstineo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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