acht
Alemannic German
| 8 | Previous: | sibe |
|---|---|---|
| Next: | nüün |
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old High German ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate with German acht, Dutch acht, English eight, Swedish åtta.
Pronunciation
Numeral
acht
Bavarian
| [a], [b], [c] ← 7 | 8 | 9 → [a], [b] |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: acht, åcht, åchte | ||
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Pronunciation
Numeral
acht
Cimbrian
Numeral
acht
- attributive form of achte
- acht óarn ― eight o'clock (literally, “eight hours”)
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech acht, possibly from Middle High German āhte.
Pronunciation
Noun
acht m inan
Declension
Derived terms
Further reading
- acht in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- acht in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Numeral
| 80 | ||
| ← 7 | 8 | 9 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: acht Ordinal: achtste | ||
acht
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: agt, ag
- Berbice Creole Dutch: akti
- Jersey Dutch: āxt
- Negerhollands: acht, agt, ak
- Skepi Creole Dutch: akt
- → Sranan Tongo: acht
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *ahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtu.
Noun
acht f (uncountable)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: ag
Verb
acht
- inflection of achten:
Etymology 3
From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *āhta, from Proto-Germanic *anhtō.
Noun
acht f (uncountable)
- (historical, chiefly obsolete) banishment, ostracism
- Synonyms: ban, verbanning, vogelvrijverklaring
Usage notes
- At least the compound rijksacht is still attestable in contemporary historical writing alongside rijksban.
Anagrams
Dutch Low Saxon
Etymology
From Old Saxon ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate to German Low German acht, German acht, Dutch acht.
Numeral
acht
- (in many (all?) dialects) eight (8)
German
| 80 | ||
| ← 7 | 8 | 9 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: acht Ordinal: achte Sequence adverb: achtens Ordinal abbreviation: 8. Adverbial: achtmal Adverbial abbreviation: 8-mal Multiplier: achtfach Multiplier abbreviation: 8-fach Fractional: Achtel Polygon: Achteck Polygon abbreviation: 8-Eck Polygonal adjective: achteckig Polygonal adjective abbreviation: 8-eckig | ||
| German Wikipedia article on 8 | ||
Etymology
From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Compare Dutch acht, English eight, Danish otte, Swedish åtta, Greek οκτώ (októ), Latin octō.
Pronunciation
Numeral
acht
- (cardinal number) eight (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; or describing a set with eight elements)
Coordinate terms
- 100: hundert, einhundert
- 103: tausend, eintausend
- 104: zehntausend (Myriade)
- 106: Million (tausendmaltausend, tausendtausend)
- 109: Milliarde
- 1012: Billion
- 1015: Billiarde
- 1018: Trillion
- 1021: Trilliarde
- 1024: Quadrillion
- 1027: Quadrilliarde
- 1030: Quintillion
- 1033: Quintilliarde
- 1036: Sextillion
- 1039: Sextilliarde
- 1042: Septillion
- 1045: Septilliarde
- 1048: Oktillion
- 1051: Oktilliarde
- 1054: Nonillion
- 1057: Nonilliarde
- 1060: Dezillion
- 1063: Dezilliarde
- 1066: Undezillion
- 1069: Undezilliarde
- 1072: Duodezillion
- 1075: Duodezilliarde
- 1078: Tredezillion
- 1081: Tredezilliarde
- 1084: Quattuordezillion
- 1087: Quattuordezilliarde
…
- 10100: Googol
…
- 10120: Vigintillion
- 10123: Vigintilliarde
…
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “acht” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “acht” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “acht” in Duden online
acht on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de
German Low German
| < 7 | 8 | 9 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : acht Ordinal : acht | ||
Etymology
From Middle Low German achte, from Old Saxon ahto. Cognate to Dutch Low Saxon acht, German acht, Dutch acht.
Numeral
acht
- (in many dialects, including East Pomeranian, Low Prussian) eight (8)
Coordinate terms
Numeral
acht
- (East Pomeranian in Brazil) eighth (8th)
References
- Der neue SASS: Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch, Plattdeutsch - Hochdeutsch, Hochdeutsch - Plattdeutsch. Plattdeutsche Rechtschreibung, sixth revised edition (2011, →ISBN, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster)
- Gertjan Postma, A Contrastive Grammar of Brazilian Pomeranian (Linguistik Aktuell / Linguistics Today, vol. 248), 2019, p. 97 & 99
Hunsrik
| 80 | ||
| ← 7 | 8 | 9 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: acht Ordinal: acht Fractional: Achtel | ||
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Central Franconian aacht, from Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu.
Cognate with German acht and Luxembourgish aacht.
Numeral
acht
- eight
- Sie hon acht Kinner.
- They have eight children.
Etymology 2
Inherited from Middle High German ahtede, from Old High German ahtodo, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtudō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô.
Cognate with German achte and Luxembourgish aacht.
Adjective
acht
Declension
| Declension of acht (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
| Weak inflection | nominative | acht | acht | acht | achte |
| accusative | achte | acht | acht | achte | |
| dative | achte | achte | achte | achte | |
| Strong inflection | nominative | achter | achte | achtes | achte |
| accusative | achte | achte | achtes | achte | |
| dative | achtem | achter | achtem | achte | |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “acht”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português [Riograndenser Hunsrickisch–Portuguese Dictionary] (in Portuguese), 3 edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 8
Irish
Etymology 1
From Middle Irish acht, from Latin āctus.
Pronunciation
Noun
acht m (genitive singular achta, nominative plural achtanna)
Declension
|
Bare forms:
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- achtachán m (“enactment”)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Conjunction
acht
Preposition
acht (plus nominative, triggers no mutation)
Adverb
acht
Etymology 3
Likely from etymology 2.
Pronunciation
Noun
acht m (genitive singular achta)
Declension
|
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| acht | n-acht | hacht | t-acht |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “acht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “6 acht (‘decree, edict’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 acht (‘but, except’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 acht (‘stipulation, condition’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “4 acht (‘doubt’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “acht” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “acht” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Middle Dutch
Pronunciation
Numeral
acht
- Alternative form of achte
Old Czech
Etymology
Possibly from borrowed from Middle High German āhte (compare German outlawry, sworn enmity).
Pronunciation
Noun
acht m inan
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | acht | achty | achti, achtové |
| genitive | achta, achtu | achtú | achtóv |
| dative | achtu | achtoma | achtóm |
| accusative | acht | achty | achty |
| vocative | achte | achty | achti, achtové |
| locative | achtě, achtu | achtú | achtiech |
| instrumental | achtem | achtoma | achty |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Derived terms
Descendants
- Czech: acht
Further reading
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “acht”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Irish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Celtic *extos (“except, but”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰsto- (“out”), from *h₁eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐκτός (ektós, “outside”).
Alternative forms
Conjunction
acht
- but
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 7d10
- Mógi sidi uili do Día; acht do·rigénsat in descipuil dechor etarru et déu diib: is hed on ɔsecha-som hic.
- They are all servants to God; but the disciples had made a distinction between them and (made) gods of them; that is what he corrects here.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 7d10
- provided (that) (followed by ro- and the subjunctive mood of the verb)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23b24
- Ní imned lim act rop Críst pridches et imme·ráda cách.
- It is not tribulation for me provided that it is Christ on whom everyone preaches and meditates.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23b24
- (followed by a nasalizing relative clause) except that
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 137b5
- Fa·didmed aicned, acht dond·ecmaiṅg anísiu.
- Nature would have allowed it, except that this happens.
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 137b5
For more quotations using this term, see Citations:acht.
Descendants
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
·acht
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| ·acht | unchanged | ·n-acht |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 acht (‘but, except’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Pennsylvania German
| < 7 | 8 | 9 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : acht Ordinal : acht | ||
| < 7 | 8 | 9 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : acht Ordinal : acht | ||
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto. Compare German acht, Dutch acht, English eight.
Numeral
acht
Etymology 2
Compare German achte, Dutch achtste, English eighth.
Adjective
acht
Numeral
acht
West Frisian
| < 7 | 8 | 9 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : acht Ordinal : achtste | ||
Etymology
From Old Frisian achta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Pronunciation
Numeral
acht
Further reading
- “acht (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Noun
acht c (plural achten, diminutive achtsje)
Further reading
- “acht (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Zealandic
Etymology
From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Frankish and Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Numeral
acht
Zipser German
Numeral
acht
- Alternative form of åcht