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English
Etymology
From Middle English advocat, advoket, from Old French advocat, from Latin advocātus (past participle of advocāre (“to call for”)), a calque of Ancient Greek παράκλητος (paráklētos) (whence English paraclete). Doublet of advoke, avocat, avouch, and avow.
Pronunciation
Noun
advocate (plural advocates)
- Someone whose job is to speak for someone's case in a court of law; a counsel.
- Anyone who argues the case of another; an intercessor.
c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: ”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):I neuer did incense his Maiestie / Against the Duke of Clarence, but haue bin / An earnest aduocate to plead for him.
- A person who speaks in support of something, or someone.
1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter X, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. , volume I, London: Henry Colburn, , →OCLC, page 104:"I think," replied the young advocate, unwilling to give up a point in which his feelings were interested, "that even you would believe in Walter Maynard's success in life, if you knew him. What has brought the world to its present state, but individual talent?"
2011 October 9, Alix Lee, The Guardian:He became a tireless advocate for the needs of adults with IMD throughout Britain and internationally.
- A person who supports others to make their voices heard, or ideally for them to speak up for themselves.
Since she started working with her advocate, she has become much more confident.
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
someone whose job is to speak for someone's case in a court of law
person who argues the case of another
- Albanian: avokat (sq)
- Arabic: محامي (ar) m, محامية f
- Armenian: փաստաբան (hy) (pʻastaban), իրավաբան (hy) (iravaban)
- Belarusian: адвака́т m (advakát)
- Bulgarian: адвока́т (bg) m (advokát), адвока́тка f (advokátka)
- Catalan: advocat (ca) m
- Chechen: юрист (jurist)
- Crimean Tatar: advokat
- Czech: obhájce m, advokát (cs) m, právník (cs) m, právnička (cs) f
- Danish: advokat (da) c
- Dutch: advocaat (nl) m, advocate (nl) f, verdediger (nl) m, verdedigster (nl) f
- Esperanto: advokato (eo)
- Finnish: puolestapuhuja (fi)
- French: avocat (fr) m, avocate (fr) f
- Galician: avogado (gl) m, avogada f
- Georgian: ადვოკატი (advoḳaṭi)
- German: Rechtsanwalt (de) m, Rechtsanwältin (de) f, Verteidiger (de) m
- Greek: συνήγορος (el) m or f (synígoros)
- Ancient: δικήγορος m (dikḗgoros), πρόδικος m (pródikos)
- Hebrew: סנגור (he) (sanegór)
- Ido: advokato (io)
- Indonesian: pengacara (id), advokat (id)
- Irish: abhcóide m
- Italian: avvocato (it) m, avvocata (it) f
- Khmer: ស្មាក្ដី (smar kdey)
- Ladin: aucat
- Latin: cognitor m, advocātus m
- Macedonian: адвокат m (advokat)
- Malayalam: വക്കീല് (vakkīlŭ), അഭിഭാഷകന് (abhibhāṣakanŭ)
- Maltese: avukat (mt) m, avukatessa f
- Maori: kaitautoko
- Middle English: oratour
- Polish: adwokat (pl) m, adwokatka (pl) f, obrońca (pl)
- Portuguese: advogado (pt) m, advogada (pt) f
- Russian: адвока́т (ru) m (advokát), защи́тник (ru) m (zaščítnik), защи́тница (ru) f (zaščítnica)
- Slovene: zagovornik m, zagovornica f
- Spanish: abogado (es) m, abogada (es) f
- Swedish: advokat (sv) c
- Tagalog: abogado (tl)
- Tamil: வக்கீல் (ta) (vakkīl)
- Tocharian B: weñmo
- Volapük: (♂♀) lavogan (vo), (♂) hilavogan, (♀) jilavogan
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person who speaks in support of something
- Albanian: mbrojtës (sq)
- Arabic: ناطق بلسان, لسان حال
- Armenian: կողմնակից (hy) (koġmnakicʻ)
- Bulgarian: защитник (bg) (zaštitnik), поддръжник (bg) (poddrǎžnik)
- Danish: forkæmper c
- Dutch: voorstander (nl), verdediger (nl)
- Finnish: puolestapuhuja (fi); asianajaja (fi)
- French: porte-parole (fr) m
- German: Fürsprecher (de) m, Anwalt (de) m
- Greek: υπερασπιστής (el) m (yperaspistís), υπέρμαχος (el) m or f (ypérmachos), υποστηρικτής (el) m (ypostiriktís)
- Ido: advokato (io)
- Indonesian: pembela (id)
- Italian: sostenitore (it) m, sostenitrice f
- Maltese: diffensur m, diffensura f
- Maori: kaitautoko, aumangea, whakaihuwaka, kaihāpai, kaitaunaki
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: forkjemper m
- Nynorsk: forkjempar m
- Polish: adwokat (pl) m, adwokatka (pl) f
- Portuguese: representante (pt), defensor (pt)
- Russian: сторо́нник (ru) m (storónnik), сторо́нница (ru) f (storónnica), приве́рженец (ru) m (privérženec), приве́рженка (ru) f (privérženka), защи́тник (ru) m (zaščítnik), защи́тница (ru) f (zaščítnica), побо́рник (ru) m (pobórnik), побо́рница (ru) f (pobórnica)
- Slovene: podpornik m, podpornica f
- Spanish: portavoz (es), representante (es), vocero (es), defensor (es) m
- Swedish: förespråkare (sv)
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person who supports others to make their voices heard
Translations to be checked
Verb
advocate (third-person singular simple present advocates, present participle advocating, simple past and past participle advocated)
- (transitive) To plead in favour of; to defend by argument, before a tribunal or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly.
- 7 March, 1624, Robert Sanderson, sermon at the Assizes, at Lincoln
- To advocate the cause of thy client.
- 16 June, 1784, Edmund Burke, speech on reform of representation in the House of Commons
- This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has been advocated.
- (transitive) To encourage support for something.
I like trees, but I do not advocate living in them.
1960 December, B. Perren, “The role of the Great Central—present and future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 765:Those who have advocated the closure of the G.C. have so far failed to say by which alternative route this North-to-West traffic could be carried.
2019 May 12, Alex McLevy, “Westeros faces a disastrous final battle on the penultimate Game of Thrones (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club:Varys even leans on Jon to assume the Iron Throne, which means he very well knew he wasn’t going to be around much longer, if he’s openly advocating others commit treason as well.
2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 50:Back in 1963, how could Beeching advocate closure of the electrified Liverpool-Southport commuter route, just because its books didn't balance? The busy North London line between Richmond and Broad Street was also for the axe, as was Leeds to Bradford and Ilkley.
- (intransitive, with for) To engage in advocacy.
We have been advocating for changes in immigration law.
2020 June 3, Christian Wolmar, “Unworkable policies cripple our beleaguered railway”, in Rail, page 51:And why has no one in the [rail] industry advocated for a universal requirement for face covering (even if it's just a scarf or old tea towel), [...].
- (Scots law) To appeal from an inferior court to the Court of Session.
- (Scots law, in higher courts) To call a case before itself for decision.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
argue for
- Arabic: حامى, رافع, ترافع
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 倡導/倡导 (zh) (chàngdǎo), 主張/主张 (zh) (zhǔzhāng), 提倡 (zh) (tíchàng), 鼓吹 (zh) (gǔchuī)
- Danish: kæmpe for, argumentere for, fortale
- Dutch: bepleiten (nl)
- Finnish: puolustaa (fi), puhua puolesta, kannattaa (fi)
- French: plaider (fr)
- Galician: defender (gl), avogar
- German: verteidigen (de), plädieren (de)
- Ido: rekomendar (io), pledar (io)
- Italian: raccomandare (it), promuovere (it)
- Japanese: 説く (ja) (とく, toku), 主張する (ja) (しゅちょうする, shuchō suru)
- Latin: supersum (la)
- Maori: tūhana, tūwhana, hapahapai
- Polish: adwokatować (pl) impf
- Portuguese: defender (pt), advogar (pt)
- Russian: отста́ивать (ru) (otstáivatʹ), пропаганди́ровать (ru) (propagandírovatʹ), выступа́ть в защи́ту (vystupátʹ v zaščítu) (+ genitive case)
- Slovene: zagovarjati
- Spanish: recomendar (es)
- Swedish: plädera (sv), förespråka (sv)
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Translations to be checked
References
Anagrams
Latin
Verb
advocāte
- second-person plural present active imperative of advocō
Spanish
Verb
advocate
- second-person singular voseo imperative of advocar combined with te