af

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "af"

Translingual

Symbol

af

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Afrikaans.

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Adverb

af (not comparable)

  1. (postpositive, vulgar, slang, Internet slang, text messaging) Initialism of as fuck.
    Alternative forms: AF, asf
    • 2009 April 6, Ashley Kull, “Bored af!!!!”, in Twitter‎, archived from the original on 2016-06-14:
      Bored af!!!!
    • 2021, Isabel Waidner, Sterling Karat Gold, Peninsula Press, page 16:
      ‘Seen them there a few times. Arrives early, leaves alone. Social though. Friendly. Dishy af.’
      Dishy af. You can say that again.

Etymology 2

  1. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of after.

Anagrams

Afar

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔaf, from Proto-Afroasiatic . Cognates include Oromo afaan, Somali af and Saho af, furthermore Amharic አፍ (ʾäf) and Arabic فَم (fam).

Pronunciation

Noun

áf m (plural afitté f or afoofá f or afoofí f)

  1. mouth
  2. cutting edge
  3. language

Usage notes

  • The plural afitté is used in the southern dialects, whereas afoofá and afoofí are used in the northern dialects.

Declension

Declension of áf
absolutive áf
predicative áfa
subjective áf
genitive aftí
Postpositioned forms
l-case áfal
k-case áfak
t-case áfat
h-case áfah

Derived terms

References

  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “af”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab. Related to English of, off and German ab.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): , (in the end of a phrase)

Preposition

af

  1. by
    the active part, originator: En roman af Hemingway - A novel by Hemingway
  2. of
    indicating connection: Ejeren af huset - The owner of the house
    in descriptions: En mand af format - A man of stature; Et hus lavet af træ - A house made of wood
    part of: ni ud af ti - nine out of ten
  3. from
    of origin: Jeg hørte det af ham - I heard it from him
  4. off
    away from: Jeg faldt af cyklen - I fell off the bike
  5. with
    caused by: grøn af misundelse - green with envy
  6. out of
    motivated by: Han gjorde det af nysgerrighed - He did it out of curiosity

Adverb

af

  1. off
    tage sit tøj af - take off one's clothes
  2. of
    på grund af - because of

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch af, from Old Dutch af, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɑf/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: af
  • Rhymes: -ɑf

Adverb

af

  1. off
  2. (postpositional) off, from (implying motion)
    Stomdronken reed de automobilist de weg af.
    Totally drunk, the motorist drove off the road.

Inflection

Pronominal adverbs of af
preposition —
postpositional adv. af
+ het (it) eraf
+ dit (this) hieraf
+ dat (that) daaraf
+ wat (what) waaraf
+ iets (something) ergens af
+ niets (nothing) nergens af
+ alles (everything) overal af

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Jersey Dutch: âf
  • Negerhollands: af
  • → Indonesian: af

Adjective

af (used only predicatively, comparative meer af, superlative meest af)

  1. finished, done (when working on something)
    Het huis is af.
    The house is ready.
  2. (games) out, dismissed from play under the rules of the game, e.g. by having been tagged

Synonyms

Antonyms

Gothic

Romanization

af

  1. Romanization of 𐌰𐍆

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse af, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

Pronunciation

Preposition

af

  1. (with dative) off, from
  2. (with dative) of
  3. (with dative) by

Derived terms

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch af (“off”), from Middle Dutch af, from Old Dutch af, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

Pronunciation

Noun

af (first-person possessive afku, second-person possessive afmu, third-person possessive afnya)

  1. (medicine, surgery) off; removal.

Further reading

Maltese

Pronunciation

Verb

af

  1. imperative singular of jaf

Mapudungun

Preposition

af (Raguileo spelling)

  1. beside; next to.

References

  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch af, from Proto-Germanic *ab.

Adverb

af

  1. off, out, away
  2. of, about

Usage notes

Generally found in combination with a locative adverb such as hier, daer. Also found combined with a verb. In prepositional usage, van was used.

Alternative forms

Descendants

  • Dutch: af
  • Limburgish: aaf

Further reading

Middle Welsh

Pronunciation

Verb

af

  1. first-person singular present indicative of mynet

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ab, whence also Old English æf, af, of (English of), Old Saxon ab, af, Old High German aba, abo (German ab), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af). Compare also au- in Icelandic auvirði.

Preposition

af

  1. of, from, off, by

Descendants

  • Icelandic: af
  • Faroese: av
  • Norn: av
  • Elfdalian: åv
  • Old Swedish: af, āf, aff
    • Swedish: av, af (pre-1906 spelling; remains in surnames)
  • Danish: af
  • Norwegian Bokmål: av

References

  • “af”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ab.

Preposition

af

  1. of
  2. out

Old Spanish

Pronunciation

Noun

af f (plural aues)

  1. Apocopic form of aue (“bird”)
    • c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 97v:
      […] Et q̃ deſcẽda ſobreſta piedra la uertud de om̃e q̃ tẽga en la mano dieſtra lança ⁊ en la ſinieſtra un af traſtornada.
      And may over this stone descend the virtue of the man with a spear in his right hand and an upturned bird on his left.

Portuguese

Interjection

af

  1. (Internet slang) afe

Scottish Gaelic

Interjection

af

  1. (onomatopoeia) arf, woof

Somali

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔaf-/*yaf-. Cognate with Beja (yēf), Oromo afaan and Afar af.

Pronunciation

Noun

af m

  1. mouth
  2. language

References

  • Puglielli, Annarita, Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012) “af”, in Qaamuuska Af-Soomaliga‎, Rome: RomaTrE-Press, →ISBN, page 35

Swedish

Preposition

af

  1. Archaic spelling of av.

Usage notes

  • Although phased out in the Swedish spelling reform of 1906, this spelling can still be seen in surnames of nobility, such as af Geijerstam and af Wisborg.
  • Appears in some examples on Wiktionary that are actually quotes, where it should probably be replaced with "av" (along with other language modernization, or with the example marked as having archaic language – or moved into a quote).

See also

Tarifit

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Verb

af (Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴼ)

  1. (transitive) to find, to discover
  2. (transitive) to stumble upon
  3. (intransitive, construed with ɣar) to heal, to recover

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

  • Passive: twafa (“to be found”)
  • Verbal noun: twafit (“discovery”)
  • ataf (“perhaps”)

Related terms

  • ffu (“to be at dawn”)

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish عفو ('afv), from Arabic عَفْو (ʕafw).

Pronunciation

Noun

af (definite accusative affı, plural aflar)

  1. pardon

Declension

Inflection
Nominative af
Definite accusative affı
Singular Plural
Nominative af aflar
Definite accusative affı afları
Dative affa aflara
Locative afta aflarda
Ablative aftan aflardan
Genitive affın afların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular affım aflarım
2nd singular affın afların
3rd singular affı afları
1st plural affımız aflarımız
2nd plural affınız aflarınız
3rd plural afları afları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular affımı aflarımı
2nd singular affını aflarını
3rd singular affını aflarını
1st plural affımızı aflarımızı
2nd plural affınızı aflarınızı
3rd plural aflarını aflarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular affıma aflarıma
2nd singular affına aflarına
3rd singular affına aflarına
1st plural affımıza aflarımıza
2nd plural affınıza aflarınıza
3rd plural aflarına aflarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular affımda aflarımda
2nd singular affında aflarında
3rd singular affında aflarında
1st plural affımızda aflarımızda
2nd plural affınızda aflarınızda
3rd plural aflarında aflarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular affımdan aflarımdan
2nd singular affından aflarından
3rd singular affından aflarından
1st plural affımızdan aflarımızdan
2nd plural affınızdan aflarınızdan
3rd plural aflarından aflarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular affımın aflarımın
2nd singular affının aflarının
3rd singular affının aflarının
1st plural affımızın aflarımızın
2nd plural affınızın aflarınızın
3rd plural aflarının aflarının

Derived terms

References

Welsh

Alternative forms

  • a (colloquial)

Pronunciation

Verb

af

  1. (literary) first-person singular present indicative/future of mynd

Yola

Preposition

af

  1. Alternative form of o' (“of”)

References

  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 22
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia