afastar

Galician

Alternative forms

• fastar

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese afastar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), of obscure origin; maybe from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“fixed, firm”), through Suevic or Gothic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /afasˈtaɾ/

Verb

afastar (first-person singular present afasto, first-person singular preterite afastei, past participle afastado)

1. (transitive) to repel, to move apart
2. (reflexive) to retreat, to go back
   • 1479, Fernández de Viana y Vieites, edited by José Ignacio, Colección diplomática del monasterio de Santa María de Pantón, Lugo: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Diputación Provincial de Lugo, page 250:

     qualquier de nos que se afastar a fora e o non quiser asy thener, conprir e agardar que día e pague aa parte aguardante [...] duzentos moravedís de moeda vella

     any of us who would move out (of this pact) and who would not want to have it, to follow it, and to ward it, should give to the other part 200 old coins

Conjugation

References

• “afastar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “afastar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “afastar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “afastar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “afastar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• “afastar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese afastar, of obscure origin; maybe from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“fixed, firm”), through Suevic or Gothic.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧fas‧tar

Verb

afastar (first-person singular present afasto, first-person singular preterite afastei, past participle afastado)

1. (transitive) to repel; to push away (cause to move away)

   Este spray não conseguiu afastar os mosquitos. ― This spray didn’t manage to repel the mosquitos.

2. (transitive) to drive apart (cause to stop being close, intimate)

   A disputa pela herança afastou os irmãos. ― The dispute for the inheritance drove the brothers apart.

3. (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with de) to step back from; to move away from

   Afaste-se do fogo! ― Move away from the fire!

   Afasta-te de mim! ― Get away from me!

4. (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with de) to dissociate; to distance oneself from (stop associating with)

   Resolvi me afastar dos meus falsos amigos. ― I’ve decided to distance myself from my fake friends.

5. to suspend (temporarily ban someone from their job)
   • CNJ afasta desembargador que concedeu prisão domiciliar a suspeito de liderar facção criminosa na BA

     CNJ suspends the desembargador who conceded house arrest to a suspect of commanding an organized crime gang in Bahia.

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

• “afastar” in iDicionário Aulete.
• “afastar” in Dicionário inFormal.
• “afastar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “afastar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
• “afastar” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
• “afastar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.