affiner

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French

Etymology

From a- +‎ fin +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /a.fi.ne/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

affiner

  1. to purify
  2. to refine
  3. to make finer

Conjugation

Conjugation of affiner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple affiner
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple affinant
/a.fi.nɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle affiné
/a.fi.ne/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present affine
/a.fin/ 		affines
/a.fin/ 		affine
/a.fin/ 		affinons
/a.fi.nɔ̃/ 		affinez
/a.fi.ne/ 		affinent
/a.fin/
imperfect affinais
/a.fi.nɛ/ 		affinais
/a.fi.nɛ/ 		affinait
/a.fi.nɛ/ 		affinions
/a.fi.njɔ̃/ 		affiniez
/a.fi.nje/ 		affinaient
/a.fi.nɛ/
past historic2 affinai
/a.fi.ne/ 		affinas
/a.fi.na/ 		affina
/a.fi.na/ 		affinâmes
/a.fi.nam/ 		affinâtes
/a.fi.nat/ 		affinèrent
/a.fi.nɛʁ/
future affinerai
/a.fin.ʁe/ 		affineras
/a.fin.ʁa/ 		affinera
/a.fin.ʁa/ 		affinerons
/a.fin.ʁɔ̃/ 		affinerez
/a.fin.ʁe/ 		affineront
/a.fin.ʁɔ̃/
conditional affinerais
/a.fin.ʁɛ/ 		affinerais
/a.fin.ʁɛ/ 		affinerait
/a.fin.ʁɛ/ 		affinerions
/a.fi.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		affineriez
/a.fi.nə.ʁje/ 		affineraient
/a.fin.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present affine
/a.fin/ 		affines
/a.fin/ 		affine
/a.fin/ 		affinions
/a.fi.njɔ̃/ 		affiniez
/a.fi.nje/ 		affinent
/a.fin/
imperfect2 affinasse
/a.fi.nas/ 		affinasses
/a.fi.nas/ 		affinât
/a.fi.na/ 		affinassions
/a.fi.na.sjɔ̃/ 		affinassiez
/a.fi.na.sje/ 		affinassent
/a.fi.nas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — affine
/a.fin/ 		— affinons
/a.fi.nɔ̃/ 		affinez
/a.fi.ne/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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