affliger

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French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin afflīgere.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /a.fli.ʒe/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

affliger

  1. (transitive) to grieve someone, to distress someone
    • 1640, Pierre Corneille, Horace, act I, scene I:
      Je crains pour l’une et l’autre en ce dernier effort / Et serai du parti qu’affligera le Sort.
      I fear for both in this final struggle / and shall be on the side that Destiny makes grieved.
  2. (literary) to smite

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written afflige- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of affliger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple affliger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple affligeant
/a.fli.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle affligé
/a.fli.ʒe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present afflige
/a.fliʒ/ 		affliges
/a.fliʒ/ 		afflige
/a.fliʒ/ 		affligeons
/a.fli.ʒɔ̃/ 		affligez
/a.fli.ʒe/ 		affligent
/a.fliʒ/
imperfect affligeais
/a.fli.ʒɛ/ 		affligeais
/a.fli.ʒɛ/ 		affligeait
/a.fli.ʒɛ/ 		affligions
/a.fli.ʒjɔ̃/ 		affligiez
/a.fli.ʒje/ 		affligeaient
/a.fli.ʒɛ/
past historic2 affligeai
/a.fli.ʒe/ 		affligeas
/a.fli.ʒa/ 		affligea
/a.fli.ʒa/ 		affligeâmes
/a.fli.ʒam/ 		affligeâtes
/a.fli.ʒat/ 		affligèrent
/a.fli.ʒɛʁ/
future affligerai
/a.fliʒ.ʁe/ 		affligeras
/a.fliʒ.ʁa/ 		affligera
/a.fliʒ.ʁa/ 		affligerons
/a.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/ 		affligerez
/a.fliʒ.ʁe/ 		affligeront
/a.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional affligerais
/a.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ 		affligerais
/a.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ 		affligerait
/a.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ 		affligerions
/a.fli.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		affligeriez
/a.fli.ʒə.ʁje/ 		affligeraient
/a.fliʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present afflige
/a.fliʒ/ 		affliges
/a.fliʒ/ 		afflige
/a.fliʒ/ 		affligions
/a.fli.ʒjɔ̃/ 		affligiez
/a.fli.ʒje/ 		affligent
/a.fliʒ/
imperfect2 affligeasse
/a.fli.ʒas/ 		affligeasses
/a.fli.ʒas/ 		affligeât
/a.fli.ʒa/ 		affligeassions
/a.fli.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ 		affligeassiez
/a.fli.ʒa.sje/ 		affligeassent
/a.fli.ʒas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — afflige
/a.fliʒ/ 		— affligeons
/a.fli.ʒɔ̃/ 		affligez
/a.fli.ʒe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

References

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