affogare

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Italian

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *affōcāre, alteration of Latin offōcāre.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /af.foˈɡa.re/
  • Rhymes: -are
  • Hyphenation: af‧fo‧gà‧re

Verb

affogàre (first-person singular present affógo or affògo, first-person singular past historic affogài, past participle affogàto, auxiliary (transitive) avére or (intransitive) èssere)

  1. (transitive) to drown (to kill by suffocating in a liquid)
    Lo affogarono nel lago. ― They drowned him in the lake.
  2. (transitive, literary) to extinguish, to put out
    • 1901, Gabriele D'Annunzio, “Atto II [Act 2]”, in Francesca da Rimini‎, Milan: Fratelli Treves, published 1904, scena II, page 87:
      Morde e divora / ogni genìa di cose vive e morte; / e solo con la sabbia / si affoga e con l’aceto / si stempera.
      It bites and devours things of all kinds, alive or dead; and it is only extinguished with sand, and weakened with vinegar.
  3. (transitive, literary, figurative) to oppress, to overbear, to overwhelm
  4. (transitive, cooking) to smother
    affogato nella crema ― smothered in cream
  5. (intransitive) to drown (to die by suffocating in a liquid)
    Quasi affogò nel fiume. ― He almost drowned in the river.
  6. (intransitive, figurative) to be oppressed or overwhelmed

Conjugation

    Conjugation of affogàre (-are) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)
infinitive affogàre
auxiliary verb avére1, èssere2 gerund affogàndo
present participle affogànte past participle affogàto
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present affógo, affògo affóghi, affòghi affóga, affòga affoghiàmo affogàte affógano, affògano
imperfect affogàvo affogàvi affogàva affogavàmo affogavàte affogàvano
past historic affogài affogàsti affogò affogàmmo affogàste affogàrono
future affogherò affogherài affogherà affogherémo affogheréte affogherànno
conditional affogherèi affogherésti affogherèbbe, affogherébbe affogherémmo affogheréste affogherèbbero, affogherébbero
subjunctive che io che tu che lui/che lei, che esso/che essa che noi che voi che loro, che essi/che esse
present affóghi, affòghi affóghi, affòghi affóghi, affòghi affoghiàmo affoghiàte affóghino, affòghino
imperfect affogàssi affogàssi affogàsse affogàssimo affogàste affogàssero
imperative — tu Lei noi voi Loro
affóga, affòga affóghi, affòghi affoghiàmo affogàte affóghino, affòghino
negative imperative non affogàre non affóghi, non affòghi non affoghiàmo non affogàte non affóghino, non affòghino

1Transitive.
2Intransitive.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Sardinian: affogare, affogai (Campidanese)

References


Sardinian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian affogare or Catalan afogar; either way from Vulgar Latin *affōcāre, alteration of Latin offōcāre.

Pronunciation

Verb

affogare (Logudorese)

  1. suffocate

References

  • Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “affoꞡare”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
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