agonistic

From Ancient Greek ἀγωνιστικός (agōnistikós).

• (UK) IPA^(key): /aɡəˈnɪstɪk/

agonistic (comparative more agonistic, superlative most agonistic)

1. Of or relating to contests that were originally participated in by the Ancient Greeks; athletic.^[1]
   • 1673, Theophilus Gale, A Discourse of Christ’s Coming‎, London: John Hancock Senior and Junior, Chapter 2, Section 4, p. 70:

     These words, with what follow, are for the most part agonistic, referring to the customes of the Grecian exercices, in their games. The words apprehended, signifie to catch, or apprehend the Crown, that hung over the Goal: so also [the word translated] perfect, is an Agonistic word that signifies the being crowned, or receiving the reward:

   • 1881, Walt Whitman, “A Song of Joys”, in Leaves of Grass‎, London: David Bogue, page 147:

     Joys of the solitary walk, the spirit bow’d yet proud, the suffering and the struggle?
     The agonistic throes, the ecstasies, joys of the solemn musings day or night?

2. (zoology, anthropology) Characterised by conflict or hostility.
   • 1978, Donald Symons, “The Question of Function: Dominance and Play”, in Euclid O. Smith, editor, Social Play in Primates‎, New York: Academic Press, page 207:

     Although most agonistic interactions consist of signals of threat and submission, symbolic aggression is effective only because the possibility of escalation exists […]

   • 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books, published 2007, page 66:

     This was clearly such an event, but like the ancient religion of Israel, it was also deeply agonistic.

   • 2014, Lucas Bessire, Behold the Black Caiman: A Chronicle of Ayoreo Life, The University of Chicago Press, Introduction, p. 8:

     Sociality swung wildly between extremes of collective affiliation and agonistic striving for dominance.

3. (rhetoric) Argumentative; combative.
   • 1992, Kim Stanley Robinson, Red Mars‎, New York: Bantam, published 1993, Part 1, p. 15:

     Sharply Frank said, “A place like this is a crimp in your plan, isn’t it?”
     Boone’s gaze returned to him. The surrounding crowd slipped away, sensing the agonistic nature of the exchange.

4. Struggling to achieve an effect; strained and contrived.
5. (pharmacology, biochemistry) Pertaining to an agonist.

• agonistical

• sociating

Borrowed from French agonistique.

agonistic m or n (feminine singular agonistică, masculine plural agonistici, feminine and neuter plural agonistice)

1. agonistic