ahmima
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Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *ahmidak (“to wolf down, to eat quickly; to hog, to hoard”), from *ahma (“glutton; wolverine”) + *-idak. Proto-Finnic *ahma comes from earlier *ašma, probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haćman-. Equivalent to ahm + -ma. Cognate with Finnish ahmia, Ingrian ahmia, Livvi ahmie, and Votic ahmia.
Pronunciation
Verb
ahmima (da-infinitive ahmida)
- to grab something greedily or repeatedly; to hog (to greedily take more than one's share)
- to draw in; to inhale deeply
- ahmisin suuga õhku nagu kala kuival ― I drew in air like a dry fish
- mees läitis sigareti ja ahmis mõnuga suitsu ― the man lit a cigarette and inhaled the smoke
Conjugation
Conjugation of ahmima (ÕS type 28/õppima, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | ahmin | ei ahmi | 1st sing. | olen ahminud | ei ole ahminud pole ahminud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ahmid | 2nd sing. | oled ahminud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | ahmib | 3rd sing. | on ahminud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | ahmime | 1st plur. | oleme ahminud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | ahmite | 2nd plur. | olete ahminud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | ahmivad | 3rd plur. | on ahminud | ||||||
| impersonal | ahmitakse | ei ahmita | impersonal | on ahmitud | ei ole ahmitud pole ahmitud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | ahmisin | ei ahminud | 1st sing. | olin ahminud | ei olnud ahminud polnud ahminud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ahmisid | 2nd sing. | olid ahminud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | ahmis | 3rd sing. | oli ahminud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | ahmisime | 1st plur. | olime ahminud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | ahmisite | 2nd plur. | olite ahminud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | ahmisid | 3rd plur. | oli ahminud | ||||||
| impersonal | ahmiti | ei ahmitud | impersonal | oli ahmitud | ei olnud ahmitud polnud ahmitud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | ahmiksin | ei ahmiks | 1st sing. | ahminuksin oleksin ahminud |
ei ahminuks ei oleks ahminud poleks ahminud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ahmiksid | 2nd sing. | ahminuksid oleksid ahminud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | ahmiks | 3rd sing. | ahminuks oleks ahminud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | ahmiksime | 1st plur. | ahminuksime oleksime ahminud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | ahmiksite | 2nd plur. | ahminuksite oleksite ahminud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | ahmiksid | 3rd plur. | ahminuksid oleksid ahminud | ||||||
| impersonal | ahmitaks | ei ahmitaks | impersonal | oleks ahmitud | ei oleks ahmitud poleks ahmitud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ahmi | ära ahmi | 2nd sing. | ole ahminud | ära ole ahminud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | ahmigu | ärgu ahmigu | 3rd sing. | olgu ahminud | ärgu olgu ahminud | ||||
| 1st plur. | ahmigem | ärme ahmime ärme ahmi ärgem ahmigem |
1st plur. | olgem ahminud | ärme oleme ahminud ärme ole ahminud ärgem olgem ahminud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | ahmige | ärge ahmige | 2nd plur. | olge ahminud | ärge olge ahminud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | ahmigu | ärgu ahmigu | 3rd plur. | olgu ahminud | ärgu olgu ahminud | ||||
| impersonal | ahmitagu | ärgu ahmitagu | impersonal | olgu ahmitud | ärgu olgu ahmitud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | ahmivat | ei ahmivat | active | olevat ahminud | ei olevat ahminud polevat ahminud | ||||
| passive | ahmitavat | ei ahmitavat | passive | olevat ahmitud | ei olevat ahmitud polevat ahmitud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | ahmima | ahmitama | nominative | ahmida | olla ahminud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | ahmides | olles ahminud | |||||
| inessive | ahmimas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | ahmimast | present | ahmiv | ahmitav | |||||
| translative | ahmimaks | past | ahminud | ahmitud | |||||
| abessive | ahmimata | negative | ahmimatu | — | |||||
References
- ahmima in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “ahmima”, in Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
- “ahmima”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN