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Irish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Irish aithris f (“relation; imitation”).[2]
Noun
aithris f (genitive singular as substantive aithrise, genitive as verbal noun aithriste)
- verbal noun of aithris
- narration
- imitation
- mimicry
Declension
- Verbal noun
- Substantive
Etymology 2
From Old Irish aithrisid (“repeats, tells; imitates”, verb),[3] from aithris f.
Verb
aithris (present analytic aithrisíonn, future analytic aithriseoidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste) or
aithris (present analytic aithriseann, future analytic aithrisfidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste) (transitive, intransitive)
- narrate, recite
- imitate
- mimic, mock
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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aithrisím
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aithrisíonn tú; aithrisír†
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aithrisíonn sé, sí
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aithrisímid; aithrisíonn muid
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aithrisíonn sibh
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aithrisíonn siad; aithrisíd†
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a aithrisíonn; a aithrisíos / a n-aithrisíonn*
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aithrisítear
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past
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d'aithris mé; d'aithrisíos / aithris mé‡; aithrisíos‡
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d'aithris tú; d'aithrisís / aithris tú‡; aithrisís‡
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d'aithris sé, sí / aithris sé, sí‡
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d'aithrisíomar; d'aithris muid / aithrisíomar‡; aithris muid‡
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d'aithris sibh; d'aithrisíobhair / aithris sibh‡; aithrisíobhair‡
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d'aithris siad; d'aithrisíodar / aithris siad‡; aithrisíodar‡
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a d'aithris / ar aithris*
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aithrisíodh; haithrisíodh†
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past habitual
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d'aithrisínn / aithrisínn‡; n-aithrisínn‡‡
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d'aithrisíteá / aithrisíteá‡; n-aithrisíteᇇ
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d'aithrisíodh sé, sí / aithrisíodh sé, sí‡; n-aithrisíodh sé, s퇇
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d'aithrisímis; d'aithrisíodh muid / aithrisímis‡; aithrisíodh muid‡; n-aithrisímis‡‡; n-aithrisíodh muid‡‡
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d'aithrisíodh sibh / aithrisíodh sibh‡; n-aithrisíodh sibh‡‡
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d'aithrisídís; d'aithrisíodh siad / aithrisídís; aithrisíodh siad‡; n-aithrisídís‡‡; n-aithrisíodh siad‡‡
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a d'aithrisíodh / a n-aithrisíodh*
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d'aithrisítí / aithrisítí‡; n-aithrisít퇇
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future
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aithriseoidh mé; aithriseod; aithriseochaidh mé†
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aithriseoidh tú; aithriseoir†; aithriseochaidh tú†
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aithriseoidh sé, sí; aithriseochaidh sé, sí†
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aithriseoimid; aithriseoidh muid; aithriseochaimid†; aithriseochaidh muid†
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aithriseoidh sibh; aithriseochaidh sibh†
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aithriseoidh siad; aithriseoid†; aithriseochaidh siad†
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a aithriseoidh; a aithriseos; a aithriseochaidh†; a aithriseochas† / a n-aithriseoidh*; a n-aithriseochaidh*†
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aithriseofar; aithriseochar†
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conditional
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d'aithriseoinn; d'aithriseochainn† / aithriseoinn‡; aithriseochainn†‡; n-aithriseoinn‡‡; n-aithriseochainn†‡‡
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d'aithriseofá; d'aithriseochthᆠ/ aithriseofá‡; aithriseochthᆇ; n-aithriseofᇇ; n-aithriseochthᆇ‡
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d'aithriseodh sé, sí; d'aithriseochadh sé, sí† / aithriseodh sé, sí‡; aithriseochadh sé, s톇; n-aithriseodh sé, s퇇; n-aithriseochadh sé, s톇‡
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d'aithriseoimis; d'aithriseodh muid; d'aithriseochaimis†; d'aithriseochadh muid† / aithriseoimis‡; aithriseodh muid‡; aithriseochaimis†‡; aithriseochadh muid†‡; n-aithriseoimis‡‡; n-aithriseodh muid‡‡; n-aithriseochaimis†‡‡; n-aithriseochadh muid†‡‡
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d'aithriseodh sibh; d'aithriseochadh sibh† / aithriseodh sibh‡; aithriseochadh sibh†‡; n-aithriseodh sibh‡‡; n-aithriseochadh sibh†‡‡
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d'aithriseoidís; d'aithriseodh siad; d'aithriseochadh siad† / aithriseoidís‡; aithriseodh siad‡; aithriseochadh siad†‡; n-aithriseoidís‡‡; n-aithriseodh siad‡‡; n-aithriseochadh siad†‡‡
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a d'aithriseodh; a d'aithriseochadh† / a n-aithriseodh*; a n-aithriseochadh*†
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d'aithriseofaí; d'aithriseochthaí† / aithriseofaí‡; aithriseochtha톇; n-aithriseofa퇇; n-aithriseochtha톇‡
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subjunctive
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present
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go n-aithrisí mé; go n-aithrisíod†
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go n-aithrisí tú; go n-aithrisír†
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go n-aithrisí sé, sí
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go n-aithrisímid; go n-aithrisí muid
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go n-aithrisí sibh
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go n-aithrisí siad; go n-aithrisíd†
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—
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go n-aithrisítear
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past
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dá n-aithrisínn
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dá n-aithrisíteá
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dá n-aithrisíodh sé, sí
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dá n-aithrisímis; dá n-aithrisíodh muid
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dá n-aithrisíodh sibh
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dá n-aithrisídís; dá n-aithrisíodh siad
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—
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dá n-aithrisítí
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imperative
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aithrisím
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aithris
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aithrisíodh sé, sí
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aithrisímis
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aithrisígí; aithrisídh†
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aithrisídís
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—
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aithrisítear
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verbal noun
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aithris
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past participle
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aithriste
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
- Alternative conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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aithrisim
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aithriseann tú; aithrisir†
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aithriseann sé, sí
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aithrisimid
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aithriseann sibh
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aithriseann siad; aithrisid†
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a aithriseann; a aithriseas / a n-aithriseann*
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aithristear
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past
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d'aithris mé; d'aithriseas / aithris mé‡; aithriseas‡
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d'aithris tú; d'aithrisis / aithris tú‡; aithrisis‡
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d'aithris sé, sí / aithris sé, sí‡
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d'aithriseamar; d'aithris muid / aithriseamar‡; aithris muid‡
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d'aithris sibh; d'aithriseabhair / aithris sibh‡; aithriseabhair‡
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d'aithris siad; d'aithriseadar / aithris siad; aithriseadar‡
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a d'aithris / ar aithris*
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aithriseadh; haithriseadh†
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past habitual
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d'aithrisinn / aithrisinn‡; n-aithrisinn‡‡
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d'aithristeá / aithristeá‡; n-aithristeᇇ
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d'aithriseadh sé, sí / aithriseadh sé, sí‡; n-aithriseadh sé, s퇇
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d'aithrisimis; d'aithriseadh muid / aithrisimis‡; aithriseadh muid‡; n-aithrisimis‡‡; n-aithriseadh muid‡‡
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d'aithriseadh sibh / aithriseadh sibh‡; n-aithriseadh sibh‡‡
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d'aithrisidís; d'aithriseadh siad / aithrisidís‡; aithriseadh siad‡; n-aithrisidís‡‡; n-aithriseadh siad‡‡
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a d'aithriseadh / a n-aithriseadh*
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d'aithristí / aithristí‡; n-aithrist퇇
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future
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aithrisfidh mé; aithrisfead
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aithrisfidh tú; aithrisfir†
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aithrisfidh sé, sí
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aithrisfimid; aithrisfidh muid
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aithrisfidh sibh
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aithrisfidh siad; aithrisfid†
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a aithrisfidh; a aithrisfeas / a n-aithrisfidh*
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aithrisfear
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conditional
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d'aithrisfinn / aithrisfinn‡; n-aithrisfinn‡‡
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d'aithrisfeá / aithrisfeá‡; n-aithrisfeᇇ
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d'aithrisfeadh sé, sí / aithrisfeadh sé, sí‡; n-aithrisfeadh sé, s퇇
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d'aithrisfimis; d'aithrisfeadh muid / aithrisfimis‡; aithrisfeadh muid‡; n-aithrisfimis‡‡; n-aithrisfeadh muid‡‡
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d'aithrisfeadh sibh / aithrisfeadh sibh‡; n-aithrisfeadh sibh‡‡
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d'aithrisfidís; d'aithrisfeadh siad / aithrisfidís‡; aithrisfeadh siad‡; n-aithrisfidís‡‡; n-aithrisfeadh siad‡‡
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a d'aithrisfeadh / a n-aithrisfeadh*
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d'aithrisfí / aithrisfí‡; n-aithrisf퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go n-aithrise mé; go n-aithrisead†
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go n-aithrise tú; go n-aithrisir†
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go n-aithrise sé, sí
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go n-aithrisimid; go n-aithrise muid
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go n-aithrise sibh
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go n-aithrise siad; go n-aithrisid†
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—
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go n-aithristear
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past
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dá n-aithrisinn
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dá n-aithristeá
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dá n-aithriseadh sé, sí
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dá n-aithrisimis; dá n-aithriseadh muid
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dá n-aithriseadh sibh
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dá n-aithrisidís; dá n-aithriseadh siad
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—
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dá n-aithristí
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imperative
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aithrisim
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aithris
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aithriseadh sé, sí
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aithrisimis
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aithrisigí; aithrisidh†
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aithrisidís
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—
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aithristear
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verbal noun
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aithris
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past participle
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aithriste
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*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
Derived terms
Mutation
Irish mutation
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Radical |
Eclipsis |
with h-prothesis |
with t-prothesis
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aithris
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n-aithris
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haithris
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not applicable
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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References
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 246, page 124
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithrisid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aithris”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aiṫris”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 22
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aiṫrisim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 22
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish aithris (“act of telling, relating; relation, account; act of imitating, copying; imitation; example”).
Pronunciation
Verb
aithris (past dh'aithris, future aithrisidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste)
- report, relate, recite, allege, repeat
- narrate, enunciate, rehearse
- quote, tell
- imitate
Derived terms
Noun
aithris f (genitive singular aithrise, plural aithrisean)
- verbal noun of aithris
- report, allegation, narration, narrative
- recitation, rehearsal, recital
- report, statement
- imitation
- tradition, tale
Derived terms
References
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “aithris”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN