ak

Translingual

Symbol

ak

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Akan.

English

ak

1. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of act.
2. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of acknowledge and related forms of that word (acknowledges, acknowledged, acknowledging, acknowledgement etc.)

Abinomn

Noun

ak (dual akrom, plural aigon)

1. egg

Ainu

Etymology 1

Possibly related to Nivkh ыкын (əkən), аӄанд (aqand, “elder brother”).

Alternative forms

• aki

Noun

ak (Kana spelling アㇰ)

1. younger brother

Etymology 2

Verb

ak (Kana spelling アㇰ)

1. to shoot with an arrow

References

• John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎, Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 22
• “ak （アㇰ）”, in Ainu-English Dictionary‎, TranslationDirectory.com, 2023 April 25 (last accessed)

Antillean Creole

Etymology

Its usage as meaning "with" and "and" is modelled after usage of similar terms in substrate languages. Its phonological form might be from French avec (“with”) or Wolof ak or both.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Conjunction

ak

1. and; connects two noun phrases.

Preposition

ak

1. with

Epigraphic Mayan

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *ahq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔɑk/, /ʔɑhk/

Noun

ak

1. turtle

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ak/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio (CAN)

  (file)

Preposition

ak

1. (Quebec, informal) Pronunciation spelling of avec.

Gagauz

Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish (aq, “white”), from Proto-Turkic *āk (“white”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰴 (aq, “white”), Karakhanid ااقْ (āq, “white”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑk/

Adjective

ak (comparative daha ak, superlative en ak)

1. white

Gothic

Romanization

ak

1. Romanization of 𐌰𐌺

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Its usage as meaning "with" and "and" is modelled after usage of similar terms in substrate languages. Its phonological form might be from French avec (“with”) or Wolof ak or both.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ak/

Conjunction

ak

1. and; connects two noun phrases.
   • 2019 March 19, “Rankont ann Itali ant Anvwaye Espesyal Etazini ak Larisi sou Kriz Venezuela a”, in Lavwadlamerik‎:

     Anvwaye espesyal Etazini pou Venezuela, Elliot Abrams, ak vis-minis afè etranjè Larisi, Sergei Ryabkov, ap fè reyinyon nan vil Wòm ann Itali pou yo pale sou “sityasyon Venezuela kap agrave.”

     American Special Envoy for Venezuela Elliot Abrams and Russian Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei Ryabkov are meeting in the city of Rome, Italy to speak about "the worsening situation in Venezuela."

Preposition

ak

1. with

   Synonyms: avè, avèk

Hokkien

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• aq (alay)
• q (alay)

Pronoun

ak

1. (text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of aku.

Ingrian

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑk/,
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑk/,
• Rhymes: -ɑk
• Hyphenation: ak

Interjection

ak

1. Alternative form of ah

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 9

Karaim

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *āk.

Noun

ak

1. white

Adjective

ak

1. white

References

N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “ak”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Lacandon

Etymology 1

From Proto-Mayan *ahq.

Noun

ak

1. turtle, tortoise
2. A constellation. (clarification of this definition is needed)

Derived terms

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ak

1. lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)

References

• Baer, Phillip, Baer, Mary, Chan Kꞌin, Manuel, Chan Kꞌin, Antonio (2018) Diccionaro maya lacandón (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 51)‎ (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 3–4

Latvian

Etymology

Borrowed from German ach (“oh”). In 16th- and 17th-century literature, o or oh was often used in this sense. In a text from 1638, German ach is translated as ok, which points to a borrowing from Russian ох (ox). The from ak, from German, was introduced in the 17th-18th century.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Riga)

  (file)

Interjection

ak

1. used to indicate various feelings: joy, excitement, fear, distress; oh! ah!

   ak, cik lieliski! ― oh! how great!

   ak, kāda laime! ― oh, such happiness!

   ak, kas par prieku! ― oh, what joy!

   ak, kā patīk! ― oh, how pleasant!

   ak, briesmas! ― oh! danger!

   ak, brīvība! tā ir vitamīns, kas dzelzij un akmenim cauri ēdas ― ah! freedom! that is a vitamin that eats through stone and iron

   vai tu viņus atradi? ak, mani bērni, mani bērniņi! ― have you found them? oh, my children, my (poor) little children!

   “matemātika”, zēns bubina un izņem grāmatu... ak vai, ak vai, un visi citi jau guļ! ― “mathematics,” the boy whispered and took the book... oh, oh (= poor me!), and all others are already sleeping (but I must study)!

2. used to express certain mental states — e.g., surprise, disappointment, disapproval — in an emotional but also intelligent, perceptive way; ah! oh!

   ak, ko es redzu! ― ah! what do I see (here)!

   ak, kas par godu! ― ah! what an honor!

   ak, kā jāstrādā! ― oh! what should be done?

   ak, kaut es dabūtu! ― ah! if only I could get (that)!

   ak, tas tikai sīkums! ― oh, that's just a trifle

   ak, vasara, vasara, kā tu vari mulsināt jaunu meiču sirdis! ― ah! summer, summer, how you can confuse young girls' hearts!

3. (often in combination with the pronoun tu (“you”)) used to reinforce an interjection by either literally or metaphorically attributing some characteristic to the hearer; (ah,) you ... ! you ... ! oh ...!

   ak (tu) neprāts! ― ah, you crazy one!

   ak tu palaidnis tāds! ― (ah,) you rascal!

   ak (tu) kungs! ― oh Lord!

   ak (tu) dievs! ― oh God!

   ak (tu) velns! ― oh devil!

   ak (tu) ļauna pasaule! ― oh evil world!

   nē, nē, māt, pavasarī gan grūti mirt; visas puķītes zied, putniņi dzied, ak tu jaukā pasaulīte! ― no, no, mother, it is difficult to die in spring; all the little flowers are blooming, the birds are singing, oh (you) lovely world!

   “ak tu mūžs, kas te to zvēru!” māte iesaucās, redzot pēdas sniegā ― “ah life, what wild beast is that!” the mother exclaimed, seeing tracks in the snow

Particle

ak

1. used to give an interjectional flavor to an utterance, especially when expressing surprise; oh!

   ak tu tas esi! ― oh! that's you!

   ak tad tā! ― oh, it's like that, then!

   ak paspēji gan! ― oh, you did it!

   ak tāds tu esi! ― oh, that's what you're like!

   ak jā! ak nē! ak tā! ― oh, yes! oh, no! oh!... (expressions used when suddenly remembering something)

   ak jā, gandrīz būtu piemirsis: labasdienas, māt, no Līzes ― oh yes, I had almost forgotten: greetings, mother, from Līze

   “ak tad tur tā vaina!” Ozols beidzot saprata ― “ooh, there then is the blame (= problem)!” Ozols finally understood

References

Marshallese

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key):
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /ɰæk/
• Bender phonemes: {hak}

Conjunction

ak

1. but
2. or

Preposition

ak

1. but

Noun

ak

1. frigatebird

References

• Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *auk, from Proto-Germanic *auk. Cognates include Old English ēac, Old Saxon ōk and Old Dutch ōk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaːk/

Adverb

āk

1. also, too

Descendants

• North Frisian:

  Föhr-Amrum: uk

• Saterland Frisian: uk, ook
• West Frisian: ek

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ak. Cognate with Old English ac, Gothic 𐌰𐌺 (ak), Old High German oh.

Conjunction

ak

1. but

Palauan

Etymology

From Pre-Palauan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

ak

1. I (non-emphatic)

Pumpokol

Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔaq-ɔt- (“to sleep”).

Verb

ak

1. to lie down

Related terms

• xotɨk

Slovak

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ak/

Conjunction

ak

1. if

Further reading

• “ak”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Southeastern Tepehuan

Etymology

Cognate with Northern Tepehuan áki, O'odham ʼakĭ.

Noun

ak (plural aꞌak)

1. arroyo

Derived terms

• akkɨꞌn
• gɇꞌ ak

References

• R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016) Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48)‎ (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 6

Sumerian

Romanization

ak

1. Romanization of 𒀝 (ak)

Swedish

Alternative forms

• aq

Noun

ak

1. Abbreviation of akademisk kvart.
2. Abbreviation of automatkarbin.

Anagrams

• k:a

Tarifit

Alternative forms

• aked, ked, ag, ig

Preposition

ak (Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴽ)

1. with, alongside (in company of)
2. against (in opposition to)

   Fransa itirar ak Uliman

   France is playing against Germany.

Tocharian A

Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian *ëk, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs, from *h₃okʷ- (“to see”) + the noun-forming ending *-s. Compare Tocharian B ek.

Noun

ak ?

1. eye

Related terms

• aśäṃ

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑk/

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish آق (ak, “white”), from Proto-Turkic *āk (“white”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰴 (aq, “white”), Karakhanid ااقْ (āq, “white”).

Adjective

ak

1. white

   Synonym: beyaz

   Antonyms: kara, siyah

2. (figuratively) clean
3. (figuratively) honest
4. (figuratively) comfortable
5. (archaic) south

Declension

Noun

ak (definite accusative akı, plural aklar)

1. white

Declension

Coordinate terms

• (compass points)

kuzeybatı	kuzey şimal kara	kuzeydoğu
batı garp		doğu şark
güneybatı	güney cenup ak	güneydoğu

See also

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ak

1. second-person singular imperative of akmak

Further reading

• ak in Reverso (Turkish-English)

Turkmen

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *āk (“white”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːk/

Adjective

ak (comparative akrak, superlative iň ak)

1. white

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *akka.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

ak

1. (old) woman

Inflection

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “баба, жена, старуха”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Wolof

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Conjunction

ak

1. and, used between nouns
2. with

See also

• té
• di