akstinas
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Akstinai (1) - Thorns 
Akstinai (2) - Awns 
Akstinas (3) - Goad
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *akstinos (*aśtinos?). Equivalent to akstis + -nas. Cognate with Latvian akstins (“prickle”), Proto-Slavic *ostьnъ.
Pronunciation
Noun
ãkstinas m (plural akstinaĩ) stress pattern 3b
- thorn, prickle
- awn
- Synonym: akuotas
- goad, prod (pointed stick for driving cattle)
- (figuratively) impetus, incentive, stimulus
Declension
Declension of ãkstinas
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | ãkstinas | akstinaĩ |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | ãkstino | akstinų̃ |
| dative (naudininkas) | ãkstinui | akstináms |
| accusative (galininkas) | ãkstiną | ãkstinus |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | ãkstinu | akstinaĩs |
| locative (vietininkas) | akstinè | akstinuosè |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | ãkstine | akstinaĩ |
References
- Derksen, Rick (2015) “akstinas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
- “ãkstinas” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 17 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
- “akstinas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
Further reading
- “akstinas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
- “akstinas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024