alapoz

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Hungarian

Etymology

First attested in 1832. From alap (“base”) +‎ -oz (verb-forming suffix). Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[1][2]

Pronunciation

Verb

alapoz

  1. (transitive) to lay the foundation of (a building)
  2. (transitive) to base on, build upon (to establish a basis for something: -ra/-re)
    Mire alapoztad a döntésedet? ― What was your decision based on?
  3. (transitive) to prime (to apply the first coat of primer paint)
  4. (intransitive, sports) to train (to do the groundwork and train according to plan before the competition season)

Conjugation

conjugation of alapoz
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. alapozok alapozol alapoz alapozunk alapoztok alapoznak
Def. alapozom alapozod alapozza alapozzuk alapozzátok alapozzák
2nd-p. o. alapozlak ―
Past Indef. alapoztam alapoztál alapozott alapoztunk alapoztatok alapoztak
Def. alapoztam alapoztad alapozta alapoztuk alapoztátok alapozták
2nd-p. o. alapoztalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. alapozni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. alapozék alapozál alapoza alapozánk alapozátok alapozának
Def. alapozám alapozád alapozá alapozánk alapozátok alapozák
2nd-p. o. alapozálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. alapoz vala, alapozott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. alapozandok alapozandasz alapozand alapozandunk alapozandotok alapozandanak
Def. alapozandom alapozandod alapozandja alapozandjuk alapozandjátok alapozandják
2nd-p. o. alapozandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. alapoznék alapoznál alapozna alapoznánk alapoznátok alapoznának
Def. alapoznám alapoznád alapozná alapoznánk
(or alapoznók) 		alapoznátok alapoznák
2nd-p. o. alapoználak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. alapozott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. alapozzak alapozz or
alapozzál 		alapozzon alapozzunk alapozzatok alapozzanak
Def. alapozzam alapozd or
alapozzad 		alapozza alapozzuk alapozzátok alapozzák
2nd-p. o. alapozzalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. alapozott légyen
Infinitive alapozni alapoznom alapoznod alapoznia alapoznunk alapoznotok alapozniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
alapozás alapozó alapozott alapozandó alapozva (alapozván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of alapoz
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. alapozhatok alapozhatsz alapozhat alapozhatunk alapozhattok alapozhatnak
Def. alapozhatom alapozhatod alapozhatja alapozhatjuk alapozhatjátok alapozhatják
2nd-p. o. alapozhatlak ―
Past Indef. alapozhattam alapozhattál alapozhatott alapozhattunk alapozhattatok alapozhattak
Def. alapozhattam alapozhattad alapozhatta alapozhattuk alapozhattátok alapozhatták
2nd-p. o. alapozhattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. alapozhaték alapozhatál alapozhata alapozhatánk alapozhatátok alapozhatának
Def. alapozhatám alapozhatád alapozhatá alapozhatánk alapozhatátok alapozhaták
2nd-p. o. alapozhatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. alapozhat vala, alapozhatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. alapozhatandok
or alapozandhatok 		alapozhatandasz
or alapozandhatsz 		alapozhatand
or alapozandhat 		alapozhatandunk
or alapozandhatunk 		alapozhatandotok
or alapozandhattok 		alapozhatandanak
or alapozandhatnak
Def. alapozhatandom
or alapozandhatom 		alapozhatandod
or alapozandhatod 		alapozhatandja
or alapozandhatja 		alapozhatandjuk
or alapozandhatjuk 		alapozhatandjátok
or alapozandhatjátok 		alapozhatandják
or alapozandhatják
2nd-p. o. alapozhatandalak
or alapozandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. alapozhatnék alapozhatnál alapozhatna alapozhatnánk alapozhatnátok alapozhatnának
Def. alapozhatnám alapozhatnád alapozhatná alapozhatnánk
(or alapozhatnók) 		alapozhatnátok alapozhatnák
2nd-p. o. alapozhatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. alapozhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. alapozhassak alapozhass or
alapozhassál 		alapozhasson alapozhassunk alapozhassatok alapozhassanak
Def. alapozhassam alapozhasd or
alapozhassad 		alapozhassa alapozhassuk alapozhassátok alapozhassák
2nd-p. o. alapozhassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. alapozhatott légyen
Inf. (alapozhatni) (alapozhatnom) (alapozhatnod) (alapozhatnia) (alapozhatnunk) (alapozhatnotok) (alapozhatniuk)
Positive adjective alapozható Neg. adj. alapozhatatlan Adv. part. (alapozhatva / alapozhatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ alapoz in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
  2. ^ Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (“Explanatory Dictionary Plus”). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN

Further reading

  • alapoz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • alapoz in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
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