alcanzar

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Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

Attested since the 13th century (alcançar). From Vulgar Latin *accalciare, from calx, calcis (“heel”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /alkanˈθaɾ/, (western) /alkanˈsaɾ/

Verb

alcanzar (first-person singular present alcanzo, first-person singular preterite alcancei, past participle alcanzado)

  1. (transitive) to reach; to catch
    Synonyms: abranguer, acadar
  2. (transitive) to attain
    Synonyms: acadar, atanguer, atinxir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of alcanzar (c-z alternation)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal alcanzar
Personal alcanzar alcanzares alcanzar alcanzarmos alcanzardes alcanzaren
Gerund
alcanzando
Past participle
Masculine alcanzado alcanzados
Feminine alcanzada alcanzadas
Indicative
Present alcanzo alcanzas alcanza alcanzamos alcanzades alcanzan
Imperfect alcanzaba alcanzabas alcanzaba alcanzabamos alcanzabades alcanzaban
Preterite alcancei alcanzaches alcanzou alcanzamos alcanzastes alcanzaron
Pluperfect alcanzara alcanzaras alcanzara alcanzaramos alcanzarades alcanzaran
Future alcanzarei alcanzarás alcanzará alcanzaremos alcanzaredes alcanzarán
Conditional alcanzaría alcanzarías alcanzaría alcanzariamos alcanzariades alcanzarían
Subjunctive
Present alcance alcances alcance alcancemos alcancedes alcancen
Imperfect alcanzase alcanzases alcanzase alcanzásemos alcanzásedes alcanzasen
Future alcanzar alcanzares alcanzar alcanzarmos alcanzardes alcanzaren
Imperative
Affirmative alcanza alcance alcancemos alcanzade alcancen
Negative (non) non alcances non alcance non alcancemos non alcancedes non alcancen

Derived terms

References

  • “alcançar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “alcanç” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “alcanzar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “alcanzar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “alcanzar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Spanish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *incalciāre (ultimately related to Latin calx (“heel”)), influenced by Arabic اَل (al-) and/or the Spanish preposition al. Compare the form encalzar, Portuguese encalçar, Catalan encalçar. Also compare English causeway, cause- being derived from calciare (“to tread”), which Spanish calzar also descends from.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (Spain) /alkanˈθaɾ/
  • IPA(key): (Latin America) /alkanˈsaɾ/
  • Audio (Colombia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: al‧can‧zar

Verb

alcanzar (first-person singular present alcanzo, first-person singular preterite alcancé, past participle alcanzado)

  1. (transitive) to reach; to attain or achieve; to catch up with
  2. (intransitive) to be enough; to suffice
  3. (transitive) to peak, to peak at
    Synonym: llegar

Usage notes

  • When alcanzar is used to mean to peak or to peak at, it is usually followed by some measurable direct object like "el puesto", "el número", "un punto máximo". Thus, alcanzar in this case means to reach. Ultimately, the way to say that someone "peaked" in their career or a song "peaked" on the charts is expressed as "to reach a high point of" or "to reach the position of".

Conjugation

    Conjugation of alcanzar (c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive alcanzar
gerund alcanzando
past participle masculine feminine
singular alcanzado alcanzada
plural alcanzados alcanzadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present alcanzo alcanzastú
alcanzásvos 		alcanza alcanzamos alcanzáis alcanzan
imperfect alcanzaba alcanzabas alcanzaba alcanzábamos alcanzabais alcanzaban
preterite alcancé alcanzaste alcanzó alcanzamos alcanzasteis alcanzaron
future alcanzaré alcanzarás alcanzará alcanzaremos alcanzaréis alcanzarán
conditional alcanzaría alcanzarías alcanzaría alcanzaríamos alcanzaríais alcanzarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present alcance alcancestú
alcancésvos2 		alcance alcancemos alcancéis alcancen
imperfect
(ra) 		alcanzara alcanzaras alcanzara alcanzáramos alcanzarais alcanzaran
imperfect
(se) 		alcanzase alcanzases alcanzase alcanzásemos alcanzaseis alcanzasen
future1 alcanzare alcanzares alcanzare alcanzáremos alcanzareis alcanzaren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative alcanzatú
alcanzávos 		alcance alcancemos alcanzad alcancen
negative no alcances no alcance no alcancemos no alcancéis no alcancen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of alcanzar (c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive alcanzar
dative alcanzarme alcanzarte alcanzarle, alcanzarse alcanzarnos alcanzaros alcanzarles, alcanzarse
accusative alcanzarme alcanzarte alcanzarlo, alcanzarla, alcanzarse alcanzarnos alcanzaros alcanzarlos, alcanzarlas, alcanzarse
with gerund alcanzando
dative alcanzándome alcanzándote alcanzándole, alcanzándose alcanzándonos alcanzándoos alcanzándoles, alcanzándose
accusative alcanzándome alcanzándote alcanzándolo, alcanzándola, alcanzándose alcanzándonos alcanzándoos alcanzándolos, alcanzándolas, alcanzándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative alcanza
dative alcánzame alcánzate alcánzale alcánzanos not used alcánzales
accusative alcánzame alcánzate alcánzalo, alcánzala alcánzanos not used alcánzalos, alcánzalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative alcanzá
dative alcanzame alcanzate alcanzale alcanzanos not used alcanzales
accusative alcanzame alcanzate alcanzalo, alcanzala alcanzanos not used alcanzalos, alcanzalas
with formal second-person singular imperative alcance
dative alcánceme not used alcáncele, alcáncese alcáncenos not used alcánceles
accusative alcánceme not used alcáncelo, alcáncela, alcáncese alcáncenos not used alcáncelos, alcáncelas
with first-person plural imperative alcancemos
dative not used alcancémoste alcancémosle alcancémonos alcancémoos alcancémosles
accusative not used alcancémoste alcancémoslo, alcancémosla alcancémonos alcancémoos alcancémoslos, alcancémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative alcanzad
dative alcanzadme not used alcanzadle alcanzadnos alcanzaos alcanzadles
accusative alcanzadme not used alcanzadlo, alcanzadla alcanzadnos alcanzaos alcanzadlos, alcanzadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative alcancen
dative alcáncenme not used alcáncenle alcáncennos not used alcáncenles, alcáncense
accusative alcáncenme not used alcáncenlo, alcáncenla alcáncennos not used alcáncenlos, alcáncenlas, alcáncense

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Wikious
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