alem

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See also: além, aləm, âlem, and -alem

Albanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish اعلم (alem), from Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam).

Noun

além m

  1. world
  2. mankind

Declension

Declension of alem
singular
indefinite definite
nominative alem alemi
accusative alemin
dat./abl. alemi alemit

Further reading

  • “alem”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980
  • “alem”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam).

Noun

alem

  1. world, universe
  2. society, people
  3. crescent on the mosque
  4. coat of arms

Declension

Declension of alem
singular plural
nominative alem alemler
genitive alemniñ alemlerniñ
dative alemge alemlerge
accusative alemni alemlerni
locative alemde alemlerde
ablative alemden alemlerden

Derived terms

References

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Verb

alem

  1. spoil

Further reading

Ngaju

Etymology

Akin to Malay malam and Tetum kalan.

Noun

alem

  1. night

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Verb

alem

  1. inflection of alar:
    1. third-person plural present subjunctive
    2. third-person plural imperative

Etymology 2

Adverb

alem (not comparable)

  1. Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of além.

Noun

alem m (plural alens)

  1. Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of além.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish اعلم (alem), from Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam).

Noun

alem n (uncountable)

  1. Ottoman flag

Declension

singular only indefinite definite
nominative-accusative alem alemul
genitive-dative alem alemului
vocative alemule

Sakizaya

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qaʀəm.

Pronunciation

Noun

alem

  1. pangolin

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

It may be connected with Greek ἀδάμας (adámas, “diamond”), or come from Old French alemande.[1] Alternatively from Ottoman Turkish, from Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam, “sign, token; symbol; banner”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ǎlem/
  • Hyphenation: a‧lem

Noun

àlem m (Cyrillic spelling а̀лем)

  1. (regional) jewel, gem
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish عالم (alem), from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam, “world”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ǎːlem/
  • Hyphenation: a‧lem

Noun

álem m (Cyrillic spelling а́лем)

  1. world

References

  1. ^ Petar Skok, Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika, Z., 1971, v. 1, p. 28, alem: mislim da se u alem može da sakriva grčka riječ adāmas »dijamant« ... Ali treba pomišljati i na to da se može raditi o istoj riječi alemande, koja dolazi u spomenutom starofrancuskom Pelerinage-M

Further reading

  • “alem”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish علم (alem), from Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: a‧lem

Noun

alem (definite accusative alemi, plural alemler)

  1. banner
  2. flag
  3. The crescent made out of bronze or copper placed at the peak of minarets and flags.

Declension

Inflection
Nominative alem
Definite accusative alemi
Singular Plural
Nominative alem alemler
Definite accusative alemi alemleri
Dative aleme alemlere
Locative alemde alemlerde
Ablative alemden alemlerden
Genitive alemin alemlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular alemim alemlerim
2nd singular alemin alemlerin
3rd singular alemi alemleri
1st plural alemimiz alemlerimiz
2nd plural aleminiz alemleriniz
3rd plural alemleri alemleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular alemimi alemlerimi
2nd singular alemini alemlerini
3rd singular alemini alemlerini
1st plural alemimizi alemlerimizi
2nd plural aleminizi alemlerinizi
3rd plural alemlerini alemlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular alemime alemlerime
2nd singular alemine alemlerine
3rd singular alemine alemlerine
1st plural alemimize alemlerimize
2nd plural aleminize alemlerinize
3rd plural alemlerine alemlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular alemimde alemlerimde
2nd singular aleminde alemlerinde
3rd singular aleminde alemlerinde
1st plural alemimizde alemlerimizde
2nd plural aleminizde alemlerinizde
3rd plural alemlerinde alemlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular alemimden alemlerimden
2nd singular aleminden alemlerinden
3rd singular aleminden alemlerinden
1st plural alemimizden alemlerimizden
2nd plural aleminizden alemlerinizden
3rd plural alemlerinden alemlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular alemimin alemlerimin
2nd singular aleminin alemlerinin
3rd singular aleminin alemlerinin
1st plural alemimizin alemlerimizin
2nd plural aleminizin alemlerinizin
3rd plural alemlerinin alemlerinin

References

  • “alem”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia