amiral

English

Etymology

From Middle English amiral etc., from Anglo-Norman and Old French amiral etc., from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).

Noun

amiral (plural amirals)

1. Obsolete form of admiral.

References

• “admiral, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

French

Etymology

From Old French amiral etc., from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.mi.ʁal/

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

amiral (feminine amirale, masculine plural amiraux, feminine plural amirales)

1. (relational) of an admiral

Noun

amiral m (plural amiraux, feminine amirale)

1. admiral (military officer)
   • 1759, Voltaire, Candide‎, page 160:

     Mais dans ce pays-ci il est bon de tuer de tems en tems un Amiral pour encourager les autres.

     But in this country it's good from time to time to kill an admiral to encourage the others.

Derived terms

• contre-amiral
• vice-amiral
• vice-amiral d’escadre

Related terms

• amiraulté

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: آمیرال
  • Turkish: amiral
• → Romanian: amiral
• → Swedish: amiral
  • → Finnish: amiraali

Further reading

• “amiral”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Middle English

Alternative forms

• (all): amirel, amirell, amyrelle, amrel, amyrayl, amyrayle, amrayl, ameral, amerale, amerayle, admurel, amirall, ammiral, amerail, amirail, amirayl, amiraile, amyral, amyrall, amerel, admiral, admirall, admiralle, admirail, admyral, admyrall, admyralle
• (Muslim commander): amyraud, amireld, admirad, admyrold, ameraunt, ameravnt, amyrant, amyrawnt

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman and Old French amiral, from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”). In forms including ad-, via variants derived under influence from admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /amiˈraːl/, /ˈamiral/

Noun

amiral (plural amirales)

1. emir (a Muslim military commander, governor, or prince)
2. admiral (a high naval officer)

Descendants

• English: amiral

References

• “amirāl, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old French

Alternative forms

• admirail, admiraill, admiral, admirall, admiralle, amirail, amiraill, amirant, amiraunt, amirau, amiraud, amiraude, ammiraille, amerail, ameraille, ameral, amerale, amerall, ameralle, amerayll, amerelle

Etymology

From Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).

Noun

amiral oblique singular, m (oblique plural amiraus or amirax or amirals, nominative singular amiraus or amirax or amirals, nominative plural amiral)

1. admiral (military officer)
   1. (Anglo-Norman, law) naval officer with jurisdiction over maritime legal proceedings
2. (Anglo-Norman) emir; commander

Descendants

• French: amiral
  • → Ottoman Turkish: آمیرال
    • Turkish: amiral
  • → Romanian: amiral
  • → Swedish: amiral
    • → Finnish: amiraali
• → Irish: aimiréal
• → Middle English: amiral
  • English: amiral
• Middle Dutch: ammirael
  • Dutch: admiraal
    • Afrikaans: admiraal
    • → Indonesian: admiral
    • → Papiamentu: atmiral
    • → West Frisian: admiraal

References

• admiral in Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth University, 2022

Romanian

Etymology

From French amiral etc., from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).

Noun

amiral m (plural amirali)

1. admiral

Declension

Swedish

Etymology

From French amiral, from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).

Noun

amiral c

1. an admiral

Declension

Descendants

• → Finnish: amiraali

References

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آمیرال, from French amiral etc., from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”). Doublet of emir and amir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.mi.ɾal/

Noun

amiral (definite accusative amirali, plural amiraller)

1. (military) admiral

Declension

Derived terms

• amirallik

References

• “amiral”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu