animosus

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Latin

Etymology 1

From animus (“mind, soul; courage, will”) +‎ -ōsus.

Adjective

animōsus (feminine animōsa, neuter animōsum, comparative animōsior, superlative animōsissimus, adverb animōsē); first/second-declension adjective

  1. courageous/full of courage, brave, bold, undaunted
  2. adamant, determined, wilful
  3. aggressive, ardent, fervent, vehement
  4. prideful, proud
  5. angry, wrathful
    Synonyms: furiōsus, īrātus
  6. irritable, predisposed to anger
    Synonym: īrācundus
  7. elated, euphoric, joyful, jubilant
    Synonyms: exsultāns, iūbilāns
  8. enthusiastic, spirited, vehement, vigorous
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative animōsus animōsa animōsum animōsī animōsae animōsa
Genitive animōsī animōsae animōsī animōsōrum animōsārum animōsōrum
Dative animōsō animōsō animōsīs
Accusative animōsum animōsam animōsum animōsōs animōsās animōsa
Ablative animōsō animōsā animōsō animōsīs
Vocative animōse animōsa animōsum animōsī animōsae animōsa
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Catalan: animós
  • Italian: animoso
  • Portuguese: animoso
  • Spanish: animoso

Etymology 2

From anima (“air, breeze, breath; soul, spirit, life”) +‎ -ōsus.

Adjective

animōsus (feminine animōsa, neuter animōsum, comparative animōsior, superlative animōsissimus); first/second-declension adjective

  1. spirited
    • c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 1.19:
      ...animum autem alii animam, ut fere nostri declarat nomen: nam et agere animam et efflare dicimus et animosos...
      ...some would have the soul, or spirit, to be the anima, as our schools generally agree; and indeed the name signifies as much, for we use the expressions animam agere, to live; animam efflare, to expire; animosi, men of spirit...
  2. full of air, airy
  3. full of life, alive, living, animated
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative animōsus animōsa animōsum animōsī animōsae animōsa
Genitive animōsī animōsae animōsī animōsōrum animōsārum animōsōrum
Dative animōsō animōsō animōsīs
Accusative animōsum animōsam animōsum animōsōs animōsās animōsa
Ablative animōsō animōsā animōsō animōsīs
Vocative animōse animōsa animōsum animōsī animōsae animōsa

References

  • “animosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “animosus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • animosus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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