apu
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Ausangate or Awsanqa tiy: a well-known powerful apu, guardian of Cuzco.
Batui
Etymology
From Proto-Celebic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
Further reading
- David Mead, Edy Pasanda, An Initial Appreciation of the Dialect Situation in Saluan and Batui (Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia) (2015)
Borong
Noun
apu
References
- Kaija Olkkonen, Soini Olkkonen, Somba-Siawari (Burum Mindik)—English dictionary (2007) (mentioned in the entry o)
Chamorro
Etymology
From Pre-Chamorro *ʔapu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.
Noun
apu
- ash (solid remains of a fire)
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *apu.
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
- help, aid, assistance, relief, succour
- Apua! ― Help!
- jonkin avulla ― with the help of something / using something
- (in expressions) helping hand, one who helps
- remedy, relief (something that provides a removal of stress or discomfort)
- (in compounds) auxiliary, additional, accessory
- apukone ― auxiliary engine
Declension
| Inflection of apu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | apu | avut | |
| genitive | avun | apujen | |
| partitive | apua | apuja | |
| illative | apuun | apuihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | apu | avut | |
| accusative | nom. | apu | avut |
| gen. | avun | ||
| genitive | avun | apujen | |
| partitive | apua | apuja | |
| inessive | avussa | avuissa | |
| elative | avusta | avuista | |
| illative | apuun | apuihin | |
| adessive | avulla | avuilla | |
| ablative | avulta | avuilta | |
| allative | avulle | avuille | |
| essive | apuna | apuina | |
| translative | avuksi | avuiksi | |
| abessive | avutta | avuitta | |
| instructive | — | avuin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Derived terms
- ammattiapu
- apua
- apuaine
- apuharvennus
- apujoukko
- apukassa
- apukinos
- apukone
- apukoulu
- apukuski
- apukäynnistin
- apumatti
- apumuisti
- apumuuttuja
- apupaketti
- apupuolue
- apupäätös
- apuraha
- apurahasto
- apuvalmentaja
- apuviiva
- apuvirtakaapeli
- aseapu
- asiantuntija-apu
- asiantuntijanapu
- avunantaja
- avunanto
- avunhuuto
- avunpyyntö
- avunpyytäjä
- avunsaaja
- avuntarjous
- avuntarve
- avuntarvitsija
- elatusapu
- elintarvikeapu
- ensiapu
- hautausapu
- henkilöapu
- huoltoapu
- hätäapu
- itseapu
- katastrofiapu
- kehitysapu
- kodinhoitoapu
- kotiapu
- kriisiapu
- kuolinapu
- köyhäinapu
- lääkärinapu
- materiaaliapu
- naapuriapu
- oikeusapu
- oma apu paras apu
- oma-apuryhmä
- pohjeapu
- ruoka-apu
- sijaisapu
- talkooapu
- talousapu
- tilapäisapu
- työapu
- ulkomaanapu
- vaateapu
- vaatetusapu
- valtionapu
- vetoapu
- virka-apu
adjectives
nouns
verbs
Related terms
Further reading
- “apu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
Hungarian
Etymology
From apa (“father”) + -u (diminutive suffix).
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
Declension
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | apu | apuk |
| accusative | aput | apukat |
| dative | apunak | apuknak |
| instrumental | apuval | apukkal |
| causal-final | apuért | apukért |
| translative | apuvá | apukká |
| terminative | apuig | apukig |
| essive-formal | apuként | apukként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | apuban | apukban |
| superessive | apun | apukon |
| adessive | apunál | apuknál |
| illative | apuba | apukba |
| sublative | apura | apukra |
| allative | apuhoz | apukhoz |
| elative | apuból | apukból |
| delative | apuról | apukról |
| ablative | aputól | apuktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
apué | apuké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
apuéi | apukéi |
| Possessive forms of apu | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | apum | apuim |
| 2nd person sing. | apud | apuid |
| 3rd person sing. | apuja | apui |
| 1st person plural | apunk | apuink |
| 2nd person plural | aputok | apuitok |
| 3rd person plural | apujuk | apuik |
Derived terms
Further reading
- apu in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- apu in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈɑpu/,
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈɑpu/,
- (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈɑpu/,
- Rhymes: -ɑpu
- Hyphenation: a‧pu
Noun
apu
- Synonym of api
- 1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 109:
- Hää oli prostoist vanhemmist, varraa jäi vanhemmist i suureel vaivaal vanhemman veljän avul sai itsellee obrazovanjan.
- He had simple parents, lost parents early on and with big difficulty with the help of his older brother got himself an education.
Declension
| Declension of apu (type 4/koivu, p-v gradation, gemination) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | apu | avut |
| genitive | avun | appuin, apuloin |
| partitive | appua | apuja, apuloja |
| illative | appuu | appui, apuloihe |
| inessive | avus | avuis, apulois |
| elative | avust | avuist, apuloist |
| allative | avulle | avuille, apuloille |
| adessive | avul | avuil, apuloil |
| ablative | avult | avuilt, apuloilt |
| translative | avuks | avuiks, apuloiks |
| essive | apunna, appuun | apuinna, apuloinna, appuin, apuloin |
| exessive1) | apunt | apuint, apuloint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 2
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 15
Kapampangan
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu, from Proto-Austronesian *apu. Compare Ilocano apo, Tagalog apo, Cebuano apu, Malay empu, and Cebuano umpu. Also possibly from Hokkien 阿婆 (a-pô, “paternal grandmother”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (“grandparent”) /ˈapuʔ/
- IPA(key): (“grandparent”) /ˈapu/
- IPA(key): (“grandchild”) /əˈpu/
- Hyphenation: a‧pu
Noun
ápû or ápu
- grandparent
- term of address for one's grandparents
- term of reference for one's grandmother
- title added to saint's names
- Apu Lusya
- Saint Lucy
See also
Noun
apu
References
- Michael L. Forman (2019) Kapampangan Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, archived from the original on 29 June 2021, page 11
Karelian
| North Karelian (Viena) |
apu |
|---|---|
| South Karelian (Tver) |
abu |
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.
Pronunciation
Noun
apu (genitive avun, partitive apuo)
Declension
| Viena Karelian declension of apu (type 1/tyttö, p-v gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | apu | avut | |
| genitive | avun | apujen | |
| partitive | apuo | apuja | |
| illative | apuh | apuloih | |
| inessive | avušša | apuloissa | |
| elative | avušta | apuloista | |
| adessive | avulla | apuloilla | |
| ablative | avulta | apuloilta | |
| translative | avukši | apuloiksi | |
| essive | apuna | apuloina | |
| comitative | — | apuloineh | |
| abessive | avutta | apuloitta | |
| Possessive forms of apu | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | apuni | |
| 2nd person | apuš | |
| 3rd person | apuh | |
| *) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. | ||
References
- P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) “помощь”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN
Limos Kalinga
Noun
apú
Megleno-Romanian
Etymology
From Latin aqua. Compare Romanian apă, Aromanian apã, Istro-Romanian åpe.
Noun
apu
References
- Theodor Capidan, Dicționar meglenoromân (Megleno-Romanian dictionary)
Meriam
Noun
apu
Pamona
Noun
apu
References
- Donald F. and Sharon G. Barr and C. Salombe, Languages of Central Sulawesi: checklist, preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists, Ujung Pandang: Hasanuddin University (1979), page 98
Pitjantjatjara
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
Synonyms
Quechua
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
- (archaic) powerful lord
- an earthly guardian deity, represented by a mountain or which lives atop a mountain.
Declension
declension of apu
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apu | apukuna |
| accusative | aputa | apukunata |
| dative | apuman | apukunaman |
| genitive | apup | apukunap |
| locative | apupi | apukunapi |
| terminative | apukama | apukunakama |
| ablative | apumanta | apukunamanta |
| instrumental | apuwan | apukunawan |
| comitative | apuntin | apukunantin |
| abessive | apunnaq | apukunannaq |
| comparative | apuhina | apukunahina |
| causative | apurayku | apukunarayku |
| benefactive | apupaq | apukunapaq |
| associative | apupura | apukunapura |
| distributive | apunka | apukunanka |
| exclusive | apulla | apukunalla |
possessive forms of apu
ñuqap - first-person singular
| ñuqap (my) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apuy | apuykuna |
| accusative | apuyta | apuykunata |
| dative | apuyman | apuykunaman |
| genitive | apuypa | apuykunap |
| locative | apuypi | apuykunapi |
| terminative | apuykama | apuykunakama |
| ablative | apuymanta | apuykunamanta |
| instrumental | apuywan | apuykunawan |
| comitative | apuynintin | apuykunantin |
| abessive | apuyninnaq | apuykunannaq |
| comparative | apuyhina | apuykunahina |
| causative | apuyrayku | apuykunarayku |
| benefactive | apuypaq | apuykunapaq |
| associative | apuypura | apuykunapura |
| distributive | apuyninka | apuykunanka |
| exclusive | apuylla | apuykunalla |
qampa - second-person singular
| qampa (your) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apuyki | apuykikuna |
| accusative | apuykita | apuykikunata |
| dative | apuykiman | apuykikunaman |
| genitive | apuykipa | apuykikunap |
| locative | apuykipi | apuykikunapi |
| terminative | apuykikama | apuykikunakama |
| ablative | apuykimanta | apuykikunamanta |
| instrumental | apuykiwan | apuykikunawan |
| comitative | apuykintin | apuykikunantin |
| abessive | apuykinnaq | apuykikunannaq |
| comparative | apuykihina | apuykikunahina |
| causative | apuykirayku | apuykikunarayku |
| benefactive | apuykipaq | apuykikunapaq |
| associative | apuykipura | apuykikunapura |
| distributive | apuykinka | apuykikunanka |
| exclusive | apuykilla | apuykikunalla |
paypa - third-person singular
| paypa (his/her/its) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apun | apunkuna |
| accusative | apunta | apunkunata |
| dative | apunman | apunkunaman |
| genitive | apunpa | apunkunap |
| locative | apunpi | apunkunapi |
| terminative | apunkama | apunkunakama |
| ablative | apunmanta | apunkunamanta |
| instrumental | apunwan | apunkunawan |
| comitative | apunintin | apunkunantin |
| abessive | apunninnaq | apunkunannaq |
| comparative | apunhina | apunkunahina |
| causative | apunrayku | apunkunarayku |
| benefactive | apunpaq | apunkunapaq |
| associative | apunpura | apunkunapura |
| distributive | apuninka | apunkunanka |
| exclusive | apunlla | apunkunalla |
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
| ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apunchik | apunchikkuna |
| accusative | apunchikta | apunchikkunata |
| dative | apunchikman | apunchikkunaman |
| genitive | apunchikpa | apunchikkunap |
| locative | apunchikpi | apunchikkunapi |
| terminative | apunchikkama | apunchikkunakama |
| ablative | apunchikmanta | apunchikkunamanta |
| instrumental | apunchikwan | apunchikkunawan |
| comitative | apunchiknintin | apunchikkunantin |
| abessive | apunchikninnaq | apunchikkunannaq |
| comparative | apunchikhina | apunchikkunahina |
| causative | apunchikrayku | apunchikkunarayku |
| benefactive | apunchikpaq | apunchikkunapaq |
| associative | apunchikpura | apunchikkunapura |
| distributive | apunchikninka | apunchikkunanka |
| exclusive | apunchiklla | apunchikkunalla |
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
| ñuqaykup (our(excl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apuyku | apuykukuna |
| accusative | apuykuta | apuykukunata |
| dative | apuykuman | apuykukunaman |
| genitive | apuykupa | apuykukunap |
| locative | apuykupi | apuykukunapi |
| terminative | apuykukama | apuykukunakama |
| ablative | apuykumanta | apuykukunamanta |
| instrumental | apuykuwan | apuykukunawan |
| comitative | apuykuntin | apuykukunantin |
| abessive | apuykunnaq | apuykukunannaq |
| comparative | apuykuhina | apuykukunahina |
| causative | apuykurayku | apuykukunarayku |
| benefactive | apuykupaq | apuykukunapaq |
| associative | apuykupura | apuykukunapura |
| distributive | apuykunka | apuykukunanka |
| exclusive | apuykulla | apuykukunalla |
qamkunap - second-person plural
| qamkunap (your(pl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apuykichik | apuykichikkuna |
| accusative | apuykichikta | apuykichikkunata |
| dative | apuykichikman | apuykichikkunaman |
| genitive | apuykichikpa | apuykichikkunap |
| locative | apuykichikpi | apuykichikkunapi |
| terminative | apuykichikkama | apuykichikkunakama |
| ablative | apuykichikmanta | apuykichikkunamanta |
| instrumental | apuykichikwan | apuykichikkunawan |
| comitative | apuykichiknintin | apuykichikkunantin |
| abessive | apuykichikninnaq | apuykichikkunannaq |
| comparative | apuykichikhina | apuykichikkunahina |
| causative | apuykichikrayku | apuykichikkunarayku |
| benefactive | apuykichikpaq | apuykichikkunapaq |
| associative | apuykichikpura | apuykichikkunapura |
| distributive | apuykichikninka | apuykichikkunanka |
| exclusive | apuykichiklla | apuykichikkunalla |
paykunap - third-person plural
| paykunap (their) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | apunku | apunkukuna |
| accusative | apunkuta | apunkukunata |
| dative | apunkuman | apunkukunaman |
| genitive | apunkupa | apunkukunap |
| locative | apunkupi | apunkukunapi |
| terminative | apunkukama | apunkukunakama |
| ablative | apunkumanta | apunkukunamanta |
| instrumental | apunkuwan | apunkukunawan |
| comitative | apunkuntin | apunkukunantin |
| abessive | apunkunnaq | apunkukunannaq |
| comparative | apunkuhina | apunkukunahina |
| causative | apunkurayku | apunkukunarayku |
| benefactive | apunkupaq | apunkukunapaq |
| associative | apunkupura | apunkukunapura |
| distributive | apunkunka | apunkukunanka |
| exclusive | apunkulla | apunkukunalla |
Saluan
Etymology
From Proto-Celebic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
Further reading
- David Mead, Edy Pasanda, An Initial Appreciation of the Dialect Situation in Saluan and Batui (Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia) (2015)
Tokelauan
Te apu (1).
Te apu (2).
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
apu
References
Uma
Etymology
From Proto-Celebic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.
Noun
apu