aral

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Breton arall, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

Adjective

aral (pl erel)

1. other (not the one previously referred to)

Daur

Noun

aral

1. yoke

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:

aral

Wikipedia ^id

Etymology

From Malay aral, from Persian عَرَض ('araz), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaral/
• Rhymes: -ral, -al, -l
• Hyphenation: aral

Noun

aral (plural aral-aral, first-person possessive aralku, second-person possessive aralmu, third-person possessive aralnya)

1. obstacle, hindrance

   Synonyms: alangan, rintangan

References

Further reading

• “aral” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From New Latin arillus, from Medieval Latin arilli.

Noun

aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)

1. (botany) aril

Declension

Mutation

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aral”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Malay

Etymology

From Arabic عرض.

Noun

aral (Jawi spelling عرل, plural aral-aral, informal 1st possessive aralku, 2nd possessive aralmu, 3rd possessive aralnya)

1. obstacle, hindrance

Further reading

• “aral” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Tagalog

Etymology

Possibly from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “teacher; master”). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Bikol Central adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈʔaɾal/, (noun)

  • Audio:

    (file)

  • IPA^(key): /ʔaˈɾal/, (adjective)
• Rhymes: (noun) -aɾal, (adjective) -al
• Syllabification: a‧ral

Noun

aral (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

1. study; studying

   Synonym: pag-aaral

2. instruction; education

   Synonym: turo

3. moral lesson; moral teaching (especially from a story)

   Synonym: leksiyon

   Puno ng aral ang Bibliya.

   The Bible is full of lessons.

4. counsel; admonition; advice

   Synonym: payo

Derived terms

Adjective

arál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

1. studious; given to studying; studied
2. trained; well-trained

References

• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 51
• Zorc, David Paul (1977) The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction (Pacific Linguistics, Series C, No. 44)‎, Canberra: Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, page 213
• Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera (1887) El sanscrito en la lengua tagalog‎ (in Spanish), Paris: Imprimerie de la Faculté de Médecine, A. Davy, page 17
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier

Further reading

• “aral” at KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino‎, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2021
• “aral”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ارال, from a Mongolic language, ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *aral, compare Mongolian арал (aral), Uyghur ئارال (aral).

Noun

aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar) (obsolete)

1. archipelago
2. island

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ارال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 11
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “aral”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 276
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ارال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 58