arany

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See also: arány

Hungarian

 arany on Hungarian Wikipedia
Chemical element
Au
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Etymology

From Proto-Ugric *θarańa (“gold, copper”), earlier *sarańa,[1][2] compare Komi-Zyrian зарни (zarńi, “gold”), Eastern Mansi тарань (taranʹ), Eastern Khanty лорня̆ (lornjă, “copper”), Erzya сырне (siŕńe). The Ugric word is probably a borrowing of Iranian origin,[1] compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬦𐬀 (zarańa), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎹 (d-r-n-y /⁠daraniya-⁠/), Persian زر (zar, “gold”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: arany
  • Rhymes: -ɒɲ

Noun

arany (countable and uncountable, plural aranyak)

  1. gold (elemental metal of great value)
  2. gold (coin made of gold)
    Synonyms: aranyérme, aranypénz, dukát
    • 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember (Timar’s Two Worlds), part 1, chapter 10, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
      Itt e szekrénykében van készpénzem. Ezer arany az egész. A többi vagyonom a zsákokban fekszik, búza alakban. Egy írást hagytam asztalomon, melyet te tégy el; mert abban bizonyítom és elismerem először azt, hogy sok dinnyeevéstől dysenteriát kaptam, s abban halok meg, másodszor azt, hogy készpénzem csupán ezer arany; nehogy téged vádoljon valaki, vagy azzal, hogy halálomat okoztad, vagy hogy pénzemből eltettél.
      "Here in this casket is money—about a thousand ducats; the rest of my property is in the sacks packed as grain. I leave on my table a note which you must keep. I declare therein that I have contracted dysentery by immoderate enjoyment of melons, and am dying of it; further, that my whole possessions were only these thousand ducats. This will serve you as a security that no one may accuse you of having caused my death or embezzled my money.
  3. gold medal
    Synonym: aranyérem
    • 2015 March 7, “Hatalmas bravúr: magyar Eb-arany atlétikában”, in Sport Géza‎, retrieved 2015-03-08:
      Magyar versenyző 1985-ben nyert legutóbb aranyat fedett Eb-n, akkor Bakos György 60 méter gáton és Pálóczi Gyula távolugrásban győzött.
      The last time a Hungarian competitor won gold at an indoor European Championships was in 1985, when György Bakos won the 60m hurdles and Gyula Pálóczi the long jump.

Declension

  • The accusative of the surname Arany (most notably of János Arany) is Aranyt (as opposed to the common noun form aranyat).
  • Its first-person singular possessive form is exceptionally aranyom in the term of address “my dear / darling / sweetheart” or “honey” (as opposed to regular aranyam (“my gold”)).
Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative arany aranyak
accusative aranyat aranyakat
dative aranynak aranyaknak
instrumental arannyal aranyakkal
causal-final aranyért aranyakért
translative arannyá aranyakká
terminative aranyig aranyakig
essive-formal aranyként aranyakként
essive-modal — —
inessive aranyban aranyakban
superessive aranyon aranyakon
adessive aranynál aranyaknál
illative aranyba aranyakba
sublative aranyra aranyakra
allative aranyhoz aranyakhoz
elative aranyból aranyakból
delative aranyról aranyakról
ablative aranytól aranyaktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		aranyé aranyaké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		aranyéi aranyakéi
Possessive forms of arany
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. aranyam aranyaim
2nd person sing. aranyad aranyaid
3rd person sing. aranya aranyai
1st person plural aranyunk aranyaink
2nd person plural aranyatok aranyaitok
3rd person plural aranyuk aranyaik

Derived terms

Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions

Adjective

arany (not generally comparable, comparative aranyabb, superlative legaranyabb)

  1. gold, golden (made of gold or having the colour of gold)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative arany aranyak
accusative aranyat aranyakat
dative aranynak aranyaknak
instrumental arannyal aranyakkal
causal-final aranyért aranyakért
translative arannyá aranyakká
terminative aranyig aranyakig
essive-formal aranyként aranyakként
essive-modal — —
inessive aranyban aranyakban
superessive aranyon aranyakon
adessive aranynál aranyaknál
illative aranyba aranyakba
sublative aranyra aranyakra
allative aranyhoz aranyakhoz
elative aranyból aranyakból
delative aranyról aranyakról
ablative aranytól aranyaktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		aranyé aranyaké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		aranyéi aranyakéi

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 arany in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ Entry #1746 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Further reading

  • arany in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • arany in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Middle English

Noun

arany

  1. Alternative form of arayne
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