ardeo

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Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ardea.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -eo
  • Hyphenation: ar‧de‧o

Noun

ardeo (accusative singular ardeon, plural ardeoj, accusative plural ardeojn)

  1. heron

Latin

Etymology

From ār(i)dus +‎ -eō. Cf. audeō < avidus. For the supine ārsum compare also audeō : ausum and gaudeō : gavīsum, in which the i was retained.

Pronunciation

Verb

ārdeō (present infinitive ārdēre, perfect active ārsī, supine ārsum); second conjugation

  1. to burn (be consumed by fire)
    Synonyms: ūror, cōnflagrō, flagrō, īnflammō, flammō, incendō, accendō, cremō, adoleō
    • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 22.1.8–9:
      Augēbant metum prōdigia ex plūribus simul locīs nūntiāta: et Praeneste ārdentēs lapidēs caelō cecidisse,
      Prodigies from various places announced at the same time increased fear: and at Praeneste burning rocks fell from the sky,
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus.3.2:
      Apparuitque eī Dominus in flammā ignis dē mediō rubī et vidēbat quod rubus ārdēret et nōn conbūrerētur.
      The Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire from the middle of a bramble bush, and he saw that the bush was burning and not being consumed.
  2. (of eyes) to glow
  3. (poetic) to glisten with a feature, usually with a colour
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.259–264:
      Ut prīmum ālātīs tetigit māgālia plantīs,
      Aenēān fundantem arcēs ac tēcta novantem
      cōnspicit. Atque illī stēllātus iaspide fulvā
      ēnsis erat, Tyriōque ārdēbat mūrice laena
      dēmissa ex umerīs, dīvēs quae mūnera Dīdō
      fēcerat, et tenuī tēlās discrēverat aurō.
      As soon as he reached the huts with winged heels,
      Aeneas founding towers and making new houses
      he watched. And his sword was
      starred with yellow jasper, and a cloak glistened with Tyrian purple,
      hung from his shoulder, all gifts which the rich Dido
      had made, and had interwoven the web with thread of gold.
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 11.601–602:
      Tum lātē ferreus hastīs
      horret ager campīque armīs sublīmibus ārdent.
      Then, the iron plain
      shivers far and wide with iron, and the fields glisten with raised weapons.
  4. (figurative) to burn, be strongly affected with an emotion (not always specified; when it is, most often in the ablative, but also with ad or in)
    • 160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 3.2.12:
      Mē miserum! vix sum compos animī, ita ārdeō īrācundiā.
      Woe is me! I hardly am in control of my soul, so much I burn with anger.
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 12.1–4:
      Turnus ut īnfrāctōs adversō Mārte Latīnōs
      dēfēcisse videt, sua nunc prōmissa reposcī,
      sē sīgnārī oculīs, ultrō implācābilis ārdet
      attollitque animōs.
      As Turnus sees the Latins crushed with Mars turned against them
      having gotten disheartened, his pledge called back,
      and himself the mark of every eye, burns moreover implacable
      and raises his courage.
  5. (figurative) to be eager
  6. (figurative) to be ardently or fervently in love, to burn with (especially romantic) desire
    Synonym: adamō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.545–546:
      ārserat Aenēae Dīdō miserābilis igne,
      ārserat exstructīs in sua fāta rogīs
      Wretched Dido, she had been burned with her fire for Aeneas;
      she had been burned on a funeral pyre built for her own death.
      (In a mere two lines, Ovid vividly summarizes the tragedy of Dido by contrasting two different meanings for the word ārserat.)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of ārdeō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present ārdeō ārdēs ārdet ārdēmus ārdētis ārdent
imperfect ārdēbam ārdēbās ārdēbat ārdēbāmus ārdēbātis ārdēbant
future ārdēbō ārdēbis ārdēbit ārdēbimus ārdēbitis ārdēbunt
perfect ārsī ārsistī ārsit ārsimus ārsistis ārsērunt,
ārsēre
pluperfect ārseram ārserās ārserat ārserāmus ārserātis ārserant
future perfect ārserō ārseris ārserit ārserimus ārseritis ārserint
passive present ārdeor ārdēris,
ārdēre 		ārdētur ārdēmur ārdēminī ārdentur
imperfect ārdēbar ārdēbāris,
ārdēbāre 		ārdēbātur ārdēbāmur ārdēbāminī ārdēbantur
future ārdēbor ārdēberis,
ārdēbere 		ārdēbitur ārdēbimur ārdēbiminī ārdēbuntur
perfect ārsus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect ārsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect ārsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present ārdeam ārdeās ārdeat ārdeāmus ārdeātis ārdeant
imperfect ārdērem ārdērēs ārdēret ārdērēmus ārdērētis ārdērent
perfect ārserim ārserīs ārserit ārserīmus ārserītis ārserint
pluperfect ārsissem ārsissēs ārsisset ārsissēmus ārsissētis ārsissent
passive present ārdear ārdeāris,
ārdeāre 		ārdeātur ārdeāmur ārdeāminī ārdeantur
imperfect ārdērer ārdērēris,
ārdērēre 		ārdērētur ārdērēmur ārdērēminī ārdērentur
perfect ārsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect ārsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — ārdē — — ārdēte —
future — ārdētō ārdētō — ārdētōte ārdentō
passive present — ārdēre — — ārdēminī —
future — ārdētor ārdētor — — ārdentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives ārdēre ārsisse ārsūrum esse ārdērī ārsum esse ārsum īrī
participles ārdēns — ārsūrus — ārsus ārdendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
ārdendī ārdendō ārdendum ārdendō ārsum ārsū

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Dalmatian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
    • Old French: ardoir, ardeir
  • Ibero-Romance:

Reflexes of an assumed variant *ārdĕre:

References

Further reading

  • “ardeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ardeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ardeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be on fire, in flames: incendio flagrare, or simply conflagrare, ardere (Liv. 30. 7)
    • the sun burns, scorches: sol ardet, urit
    • to feel acute pain: doloribus premi, angi, ardere, cruciari, distineri et divelli
    • to be fired with love: amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere
    • to have enthusiasm for a person or thing: studio ardere alicuius or alicuius rei (De Or. 2. 1. 1)
    • to be consumed with hatred: odio or invidia alicuius ardere
    • to be fired with rage: ira ardere (Flacc. 35. 88)
    • to have an ardent longing for a thing: cupiditate alicuius rei ardere, flagrare
    • everywhere the torch of war is flaming: omnia bello flagrant or ardent (Fam. 4. 1. 2)
  • ardeo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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