arian
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Pot coffi arian 
Arian
Old English
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *aiʀēn, from Proto-Germanic *aizāną (“to spare; protect; honour”); equivalent to ār (“honour”) + -ian.
Pronunciation
Verb
ārian
- to show mercy to, spare
- Nænegum arað leode Deniga ac he lust wigeð, swefeð ond sændeþ.
- He spares none of the Danish people, but carries on his delight, slaying and dispatching.
- (Beowulf ll. 598-600)
Conjugation
Conjugation of ārian (weak class 2)
| infinitive | ārian | ārienne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | āriġe | ārode |
| second person singular | ārast | ārodest |
| third person singular | āraþ | ārode |
| plural | āriaþ | ārodon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | āriġe | ārode |
| plural | āriġen | āroden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | āra | |
| plural | āriaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| āriende | (ġe)ārod | |
Descendants
Romanian
Etymology
Adjective
arian m or n (feminine singular ariană, masculine plural arieni, feminine and neuter plural ariene)
Declension
Declension of arian
Swedish
Noun
arian
Welsh
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Ag | |
| Previous: paladiwm (Pd) | |
| Next: cadmiwm (Cd) | |
Etymology
From Middle Welsh ariant, from Old Welsh argant, from Proto-Brythonic *arɣant, from Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (“white; shine”). Compare Breton arc'hant, Irish airgead and Latin argentum.
Pronunciation
Noun
arian m (usually uncountable, plural ariannau or ariannoedd)
Derived terms
- ariangar
- arian bath
- arian breiniol
- arian byw
- arian cochion
- arian degol
- arian gwynion
- arian mân
- arian nitrad (“silver nitrate”)
- arian papur (“paper money”)
- arian parod (“ready money, cash”)
- arian poced (“pocket money”)
- arian treigl
- arian wrth gefn
- ariannaidd (“silvery, silvern”)
- ariannu
- ariannwr (“banker, cashier”)
- dail arian
- darn arian
- gof arian (“silversmith”)
- medal arian
- peiriant arian (“cash machine”)
Adjective
arian (feminine singular arian, plural arian, not comparable)
Synonyms
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
| arian | unchanged | unchanged | harian |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “arian”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies