at·tá
From ad- + ·tá. For forms in <b-> and <f->, see bí and fil respectively.
at·tá (prototonic ·tá, verbal noun buith, buid)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:attá.
This is the so-called "substantive verb", which takes an adverb, an adverbial phrase, or a prepositional phrase as the predicate. When the predicate is a noun, a pronoun, or an adjective, the copula is is used instead.
As in modern Irish, if there is no other predicate in an existential “there is” clause, the adverb and is used:
| 1st sing. | 2d sing. | 3d sing. | Impersonal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st pl. | 2d pl. | 3d pl. | ||||||
| Pres.indic.prog.* | at·tó | ·tó | at·taí, a·taí | ·taí | at·tá, a(d)·tá, a(t)·táa | ·tá | — | ·táthar |
| fil(e), feil, fail (relative) daas (relative; found only in cid daas, indaas, oldaas) | ||||||||
| at·taam | ·taam | at·taïd | ·taïd | a(t)·taat | ·taat | |||
| Pres.indic.hab. | bíuu | ·bíu | — | ·bí | bíid; ro·bí (ro-form) | ·bí; ·rubai (ro-form) | bíthir; ro·bíther (ro-form) | ·bíther; ·rubther (ro-form) |
| bís (relative) | ||||||||
| bímmi | ·biam | — | — | bíit; ro·bïat (ro-form) | ·bïat; ·rubat (ro-form) | bíther (relative) | ||
| bímme (relative) | bíte (relative) | |||||||
| Imperfect indicative | ·bíinn | — | ·bíth | ·bíthe | ||||
| ·bímmis | — | ·bítis | ||||||
| Preterite | bá | ·bá | — | ·bá | boí | ·boí | bothae | ·both |
| boíe (relative) | ||||||||
| bámmar | ·bámmar | — | ·baid | bátar | ·bátar | |||
| bátar (relative) | ||||||||
| Perfect | ro·bá | ·roba | ro·bá | — | ro·boí | ·robae, ·robæ | ro·both | ·rabad |
| ro·bámmar | ·robammar | ro·baid | ·robaid | ro·bátar | ·robatar | |||
| Future | bia | — | bie | — | bieid | ·bia | bethir | ·bether |
| bias (relative) | ||||||||
| beimmi | ·biam | bethe | ·bieid | bieit | ·bïat | |||
| beite (relative) | ||||||||
| Conditional | ·beinn | — | ·biad | |||||
| ·bemmis | — | ·betis | ||||||
| Present subjunctive | béo | ·béo | bee; ro·bé (ro-form) | ·bé | beid, beith; ro·bé (ro-form) | ·bé; ·roib (ro-form) | bethir | ·bether |
| bess (relative) | ||||||||
| beimmi; ro·bem (ro-form) | ·bem; ·robam (ro-form) | beithe; ro·beid (ro-form) | ·beid; ·robith (ro-form) | beit; ro·bet (ro-form) | ·bet; ·robat (ro-form) | bether (relative) | ||
| Past subjunctive | ·beinn | ·betha | ·beth | ·bethe | ||||
| ro·beth (ro-form) | ·robad, ·rabad (ro-form) | |||||||
| ·bemmis | ·bethe | ·betis | ||||||
| ro·betis (ro-form) | ·roibtis (ro-form) | |||||||
| Imperative | bí | bíid, bíth | ||||||
| — | bíid, bíth | bïat | ||||||
| *Certain conjunct forms of the present progressive are formed with fil, taking an infixed object pronoun as the logical subject, e.g. ní·ḟil "it is not", ní-n·fil "we are not", ní-s·fil "they are not" etc. | ||||||||
| Person of aff.pron.→ |
1st sg. | 2d sg. | 3d sg. masc. | 3d sg. fem. | 1st pl. | 2d pl. | 3d pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pres.ind. | táthum, nom·thá rod·mbí (relative, habitual, ro-form) ním·tha (negative) ním·that (negative; plural subject) |
táthut | táithi | táthus | táthunn, táithiunn nín·tá (negative) |
táthuib, nob·tá | nís·ta (negative) |
| Preterite | — | — | nís·mboí (negative) | — | — | — | — |
| Perfect | — | — | ro·mbaí | — | — | — | — |
| Future | rom·bia (ro-form) | — | — | — | — | bethib | bethus ros·mbia (ro-form) |
| Conditional | — | — | — | — | — | — | ronda·biad (relative, ro-form) |
| Pres.subj. | rom·bé | rot·bé | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1st sing. | 2d sing. | 3d sing. | 1st pl. | 2d pl. | 3d pl. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pres.indic.prog. | ol·dáu, ol·dó a·doa |
ol·daí, ol·taí in·daí a·taí |
ol·daas, ol·doas in·daas, in·dá(a)s |
— | — | ol·dát(a)e, oldáta in·dát(a)e |
| Pres.indic.hab. | — | ol·mbí | — | — | — | — |
| Preterite | — | — | ol·mboí i·mboí |
— | — | ol·mbátar |
| Future | — | — | — | — | ola·mbieid | — |