béim

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See also: beim

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish béim, from Proto-Celtic *beisman, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (to strike).

Pronunciation

Noun

béim f (genitive singular béime, nominative plural béimeanna)

  1. a blow (act of striking or hitting), stroke (blow or hit)
    Synonyms: buille, cíonán
  2. emphasis (special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important), stress (on a point in an argument)
  3. (music) beat (pulse on the beat level)
    Synonym: buille
  4. (phonology) accent (stronger articulation), stress
    Synonyms: aiceann, béim ghutha

Declension

Declension of béim (second declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative béim béimeanna
vocative a bhéim a bhéimeanna
genitive béime béimeanna
dative béim béimeanna
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an bhéim na béimeanna
genitive na béime na mbéimeanna
dative leis an mbéim
don bhéim
leis na béimeanna

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of béim
radical lenition eclipsis
béim bhéim mbéim

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *beisman (Breton boem, Cornish bom), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (whence also the corresponding verb benaid) + *-smn̥.[1] Thurneysen, however, suggests that *beisman is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (to split), making it a suppletive paradigm.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

béim n (genitive béimme, nominative plural béimmen)

  1. verbal noun of benaid: a blow (act of striking or hitting), stroke (blow or hit)
    Synonym: bíth
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4d15
      In Belzefuth: is béss didu ind lïacc benir il-béim friss, et intí do·thuit foir ɔ·boing a chnámi, intí fora tuit-som immurgu at·bail-side.
      The Beelzebub: it is the custom, then, of the stone that many blows are hit against it, and he who falls upon it breaks his bones; however, he whom it falls on perishes
    • The Old Irish Table of Penitential Commutations, published in Ériu 19 (1962, Royal Irish Academy), pp. 47-72, edited and with translations by D. A. Binchy, §12
      Arrae throiscti hi mminpectu choitcend .i. "Ałł ałł manus tuas dne..." usque "...veritatis", Pr. Nr. co forcend. Canar in sin hi crosfigill fo trichait ⁊ trichait slechtan ⁊ trichae mbemmend du abuind inna degad dide.
      Commutation of a fast for ordinary minor sins: Alleluia, alleluia, in manus tuas Domine... as far as veritatis and a full Pater Noster. This is sung thirty times in cross-vigil, and thirty genuflexions and thirty blows with a whip afterwards.

Declension

Neuter n-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative béimN béimN béimmenL
Vocative béimN béimN béimmenL
Accusative béimN béimN béimmenL
Genitive béimme béimmenN béimmenN
Dative béimmimL, béim béimmenaib béimmenaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Irish: béim
  • Scottish Gaelic: beum

Mutation

Mutation of béim
radical lenition nasalization
béim béim
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
mbéim

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bē-sman”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 64
  2. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 735, page 453; reprinted 2017.

Further reading