búaid

Old Irish

FWOTD – 29 October 2021

From Proto-Celtic *boudi (“victory”) (compare Welsh budd (“profit”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰówdʰi (“victory”).

búaid n (genitive búaide, nominative plural búada)

victory, triumph
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 11^a4
  Rethit huili, et is oínḟer gaibes búaid diib inna chomalnad.
  All run, and it is one man of them who gains victory for completing it (lit. in its completion).
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 11^a6
  Níba unus gébas a mbúaid húaibsi.
  It will not be one of you that will gain the victory.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 43^b7
  a mbuaid glosses triumphus
special quality, gift, virtue
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27^c20
  búaid precepte
  the gift of teaching
profit, advantage, benefit

Used attributively in the genitive singular to mean victorious, triumphal, pre-eminent, precious.

Neuter i-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	búaid^N, bóid, búaith	búaid^N, bóid, búaith	búaide^L
Vocative	búaid^N, bóid, búaith	búaid^N, bóid, búaith	búaide^L
Accusative	búaid^N, bóid, búaith	búaid^N, bóid, búaith	búaide^L
Genitive	búado^H, búada^H, búade	búado^H, búada^H, búade	búaide^N
Dative	búaid^L, bóid, búaith	búaidib	búaidib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
búaid	búaid pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/	mbúaid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bowdi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN