búaid

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Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *boudi (victory).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

búaid n (genitive búaide, nominative plural búada)

  1. victory, triumph
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 11a4
      Rethit huili, et is oínḟer gaibes búaid diib inna chomalnad.
      All run, and it is one man of them who gains victory for completing it (lit. in its completion).
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 11a6
      Níba unus gébas a mbúaid húaibsi.
      It will not be one of you that will gain the victory.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 43b7
      a mbuaid glosses triumphus
  2. special quality, gift, virtue
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27c20
      búaid precepte
      the gift of teaching
  3. profit, advantage, benefit

Usage notes

Used attributively in the genitive singular to mean victorious, triumphal, pre-eminent, precious.

Inflection

Neuter i-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative búaidN, bóid, búaith búaidN, bóid, búaith búaideL
Vocative búaidN, bóid, búaith búaidN, bóid, búaith búaideL
Accusative búaidN, bóid, búaith búaidN, bóid, búaith búaideL
Genitive búadoH, búadaH, búade búadoH, búadaH, búade búaideN
Dative búaidL, bóid, búaith búaidib búaidib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: bua
  • Scottish Gaelic: buaidh

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
búaid búaid
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
mbúaid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bowdi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading