bị

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Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from (to cover, to pack; "by" (passive voice)).

Pronunciation

Noun

bị

  1. big sack made from a sedge
  2. (chiefly Southern Vietnam) plastic bag

Derived terms

See also

Verb

bị

  1. particle denoting the subject is negatively affected by the predicate
    bị đột quỵto suffer a stroke
    • 1936, Ngô Tất Tố, Tắt đèn:
      Rồi tháng tám năm ngoái, mẹ anh bị bệnh qua đời.
      Then, in August last year, his mother fell ill and passed away.
  2. (before a verb) to be (used to form the passive voice if the subject is negatively affected by the action)
    bị đánhto be beaten
    • 1938, Thạch Lam, “Nắng trong vườn”, in Bắt đầu:
      Loan bực tức vì bị để ra ngoài một câu chuyện quan trọng.
      Loan was angry because she was left out of something important.
    • 1936, Vũ Trọng Phụng, chapter 2, in Số đỏ, Hà Nội báo:
      Ông quản than thở một cách rền rĩ: / – Chúng ta bị phạt nhiều quá. / Thầy min đơ nhắc lại, âu sầu: / – Thật vậy, chúng ta bị nhiều quá.
      The manager complained pitifully: "We are being fined too much." Mr Mille Deux repeated, morose, "That's true, we are too much."

Usage notes

The particle bị indicates that the subject is negatively affected by what comes after the bị. This can be a noun or adjective (bị bệnh "to be ill") or a phrase (bị con chó cắn "to be bitten by a dog"). In the second case, this construction is equivalent to the passive voice; it is however only used when the subject is negatively affected (otherwise được is used).

See also