baka

English

Etymology 1

Noun

baka (plural bakas or baka)

1. (voodoo) An evil spirit in Haitian belief, often in the form of an animal.
   • 1953, Maya Daren, The Divine Horsemen, McPherson & Company, published 2004, page 113:

     Under his sign the malevolent bocor may take the shape of an animal, and men may be transformed into terrible bakas.

   • 1969, Milo Rigaud, Secrets of Voodoo, page 83:

     A person has only to serve the baka incorrectly to have it turn against its owner and do him irremediable harm by reason of the very duality of its composition.

   • 2001, Jennie Marcelle Smith, When the Hands Are Many, page 77:

     Because a baka can destroy a family's (or even a whole neighborhood's) well-being, there is great interest in catching and destroying them.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 馬鹿(ばか) (baka, “stupid”).

Adjective

baka (comparative more baka, superlative most baka)

1. (anime and manga, fandom slang) Stupid; silly.

Derived terms

• sussy baka

Related terms

• bakanae

See also

• baka bomb

Anagrams

• Ka'ba

Anyi

Noun

baka

1. tree

References

• Burmeister, Jonathan (1987) “Numbers before letters — Ivory Coast literacy program”, in G. Gagné, F. Daems, S. Kroon, J. Sturm and E. Tarrab, editors, Selected Papers in Mother Tongue Education / Études en pédagogie de la langue maternelle‎, Dordrecht, The Netherlands & Montréal, Canada: Foris Publications Holland; Centre de Diffusion P.P.M.F. primaire, Université de Montréal, →ISBN, page 23 of 19–25
• Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, and Cecil H. Brown (eds.). (2020). The ASJP Database (version 19).

Further reading

• Burmeister, Jonathan L. (1983) “L’agni”, in Atlas des langues kwa de Côte d’Ivoire, volume 1, Paris & Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT); Institut de Linguistique Appliquée (ILA), Université d’Abidjan
• Pyne, P. C. (1977) “Anyi”, in M. E. Kropp Dakubu, editor, West African language data sheets, volume 1, Legon, Ghana: West African Linguistic Society

Asi

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/,

Noun

baka

1. cattle; cow

Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Tagalog baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbakaʔ/,

Adverb

bakà

1. maybe; probably; perhaps; might

   Synonyms: tibaad, seguro

References

Binukid

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Etymology 2

Noun

bakà

1. jaw

Bolinao

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/,

Noun

baka

1. a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved
2. any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves
3. beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine

Adjective

baka

1. beef

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:baka.

Dibabawon Manobo

Noun

bakà

1. (anatomy) jaw

Dupaningan Agta

Adverb

baka

1. perhaps; maybe

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛaːʰka/
• Rhymes: -ɛaːʰka
• Homophone: bakað

Verb

baka (third person singular past indicative bakaði, third person plural past indicative bakað, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation

Fula

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun

baka o

1. (Pular) tunic, boubou, agbada

Etymology 2

Noun

baka o (plural bakaaji ɗi)

1. (Maasina) part, portion, share

References

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
• Richard Smith, Urs Niggli, Dictionnaire fulfulde - anglais - français, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2016.

Hausa

Etymology 1

Cognate with Duwai bak, Mwaghavul mbuka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bà.káː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key):

Noun

bàkā m (plural bakunkunā̀, possessed form bàkan)

1. bow
2. hacksaw
3. catch of a lock

Etymology 2

From baki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bá.kà/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key):

Adverb

bakà

1. in the mouth

Hiligaynon

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

báka

1. cow, bull, ox

Related terms

• kabakahan

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a doublet of boka, via its former meaning of “boots”, expressing a booted soldier. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun

baka (plural bakák)

1. (informal) soldier

   Synonym: katona

Declension

Further reading

• baka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• baka in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baka/
• Rhymes: -ka
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Conjunction

baka

1. like, similar to

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaːka/
• Rhymes: -aːka

Etymology 1

From the verb baka (“to bake”).

Noun

baka f (genitive singular böku, nominative plural bökur)

1. pie

Declension

Derived terms

• kjötbaka

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Verb

baka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bakaði, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation

Etymology 3

Form of bak (“a back”).

Noun

baka n

1. indefinite genitive plural of bak

Ilocano

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/

Noun

baka

1. cow
2. ox

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Tagalog baka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baka/,

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, (colloquial)
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Adverb

baká

1. maybe, perhaps, might be

References

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay baka, baqa, from Classical Malay باک (baka), بقاٴ (baqa), from Arabic بَقَاء (baqāʔ, “remaining, lasting, enduring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Adjective

baka

1. eternal

References

• “baka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

baka

1. Rōmaji transcription of ばか
2. Rōmaji transcription of バカ

Javanese

Romanization

baka

1. Romanization of ꦧꦏ

Kagayanen

Etymology 1

Noun

baka

1. (anatomy) chin

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Karaim

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *b(i)āka.

Noun

baka

1. frog

References

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “baka”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kavalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Kiput

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *bakas.

Noun

baka

1. wild boar

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Malay

Pronunciation

• Audio (MY)

  (file)

Adjective

baka (Jawi spelling باک)

1. patriarchal, ruled by men

   sistem (kuasa) baka

   a patriarchal system

Antonyms

• saka

Noun

baka (Jawi spelling باک, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

1. stock, breed (of livestock)

Further reading

• “baka” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mansaka

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Masbatenyo

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Etymology 2

Adjective

bakâ

1. bowlegged

Northern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• bakane

Noun

baka m or n

1. definite neuter plural of bak

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka.

Alternative forms

• bake
• båkå, båkkå (dialectal)

Verb

baka (present tense bakar or baker, past tense baka or bakte, past participle baka or bakt, passive infinitive bakast, present participle bakande, imperative bak)

1. to bake (something)

Derived terms

• bakebolle
• bakepapir
• bakepulver

Related terms

• bakar (noun)
• baking

References

• “baka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Javanese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit बक (baka, “heron”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.ka/
• Rhymes: -ka
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka

1. heron

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦧꦏ (baka) (inherited)

Further reading

• "baka" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

1. to bake

Conjugation

Descendants

• Icelandic: baka
• Faroese: baka
• Norn: båke
• Norwegian Nynorsk: baka
• Elfdalian: båkå
• Old Swedish: baka
  • Swedish: baka
• Danish: bage
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bake
• Old Gutnish: baka
  • Gutnish: bake

References

• “baka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

1. to bake

Conjugation

Descendants

• Swedish: baka

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

baka m

1. crane
2. heron

Declension

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese vaca and Spanish vaca and Kabuverdianu báka.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ba‧ka
• Homophone: Baka

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Bake.

Noun

baka f

1. (navigation, nautical) seamark

   Synonym: stawa

Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

baka m inan

1. genitive singular of bak

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

baka

1. third-person singular present of bakać

Further reading

• baka in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From earlier babka; compare bȁba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bǎːka/
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

báka f (Cyrillic spelling ба́ка)

1. (hypocoristic) grandmother, grandma
2. (hypocoristic, regional) old woman

Declension

References

• “baka” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Southern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Sranan Tongo

Etymology 1

From English back.

Preposition

baka

1. after
2. behind

Adjective

baka

1. back

   bakasey ― behind

Adverb

baka

1. back, in return
2. again

Noun

baka

1. back

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch bakken.

Verb

baka

1. to bake, to fry

Derived terms

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَقَّعَ (baqqaʕa, “to stain”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Verb

-baka (infinitive kubaka)

1. to molest, to rape

   Synonym: -najisi

Conjugation

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Augmentative: -bakua (“rob, plunder”)
  • Passive: -bakwa

• Nominal derivations:
  • mbakaji (“rapist”)
  • ubakaji (“rape”)

Noun

baka (ma class, plural mabaka)

1. mark on the body (like a scar or birthmark)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Verb

baka (present bakar, preterite bakade, supine bakat, imperative baka)

1. to bake; to cook in an oven.

Conjugation

Derived terms

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• baca — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”), from Latin vacca.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/,
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. cattle; cow
2. beef

   Synonym: karneng-baka

Derived terms

Related terms

See also

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baˈkaʔ/,

• IPA^(key): /baˈka/, (colloquial)
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Adverb

bakâ (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. maybe; probably

   Synonyms: marahil, maaari, posible

2. might

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/,
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. declaration of war (against another nation)

   Synonyms: salakay, pagsalakay, lusob, paglusob

2. campaign against something wrong or immoral

   Synonyms: laban, paglaban, pagbabaka

3. verbal attack or assault

   Synonyms: tuligsa, pagtuligsa, atake, pag-atake

Derived terms

Further reading

• “baka”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2010–) “*bakáq”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Tausug

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/,
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka

1. cow

Yami

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Yogad

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow